2010年考研英語高分策略：語法考點大突破

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是復合句。去掉句首的介賓in fact所作的狀語，再去掉副詞though(譯為“然而”)，得到主句we are extremely sensitive to smells…，包含一個even if引導的讓步狀語從句。

　　【參考譯文】然而，事實上，我們對氣味極其敏感，雖然我們通常并未意識到這一點。

　　【真題例句】In other words，whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize，those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information。(2007閱讀1)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為主從復合句。whatever引導一個讓步狀語從句，逗號后those differences are swamped…為主句，由一個被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成。其中by后的賓語是一個how+adj。引導的從句。

　　【參考譯文】換句話說，無論兩個人所表現(xiàn)出的記憶力有什么先天差別，這些差別都會被每個人給信息進行編碼的能力強弱所掩蓋。

　　【真題例句】Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test—taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip. (2007閱讀2)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句的主干為Anyone…will testify that…。主語anyone后為who引導的定語從句，謂語動詞testify后的賓語由that引導的賓語從句充當。在此從句中，包含一個whether…or…引導的讓步狀語從句whether it’s knowing…or…，其中賓語部分分別由關(guān)系副詞“when+不定式”及關(guān)系代詞“which+不定式充當”。

　　【參考譯文】任何為SAT苦戰(zhàn)過的人都能作證：無論是知道何時去猜還是知道要跳過什么問題，應試技巧都是起作用的。

　　【真題例句】I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems。(2006-48)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句的主干在句首，I have excluded him…，后面的because引導一個原因狀語從句，在此從句中，又包含一個while引導的讓步狀語從句while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems。

　　【參考譯文】我將一般科學家排除在外是因為，雖然他的成就也許有助于道德問題的解決，但卻僅僅限于這些問題的事實方面。

　　【真題例句】While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments。(2007-50)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是復合句。句首部分是while引導的讓步狀語從句，與主句it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系。在主句中，it作形式主語，真正主語部分為后面的不定式to rely on…。

　　【參考譯文】盡管律師提供的評論和反饋可能會增加報道的深度，但記者最好還是依靠自己的理解，并作出自己的判斷。

　　【真題例句】While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults。(2009-48)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是復合句。While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition是讓步狀語從句，其中it作形式主語，真正的主語是不定式to ignore…，ignore的賓語部分，由狀語in our contact with them分隔，連接后應為to ignore the effect of our acts upon their disposition，主句部分在逗號后，包含了一個比較結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　【參考譯文】在和他們接觸的時候，雖然容易忽略我們的行動對他們的性格的影響，但是也不像與成年人打交道那么簡單。

　　【真題例句】For example, in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization—with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so。(2000-74)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句的主干是the process of industrialization…was spread over nearly a century。前面是地點狀語in the early industrialized countries of Europe，第一個破折號后是介詞結(jié)構(gòu)表伴隨，其中that followed是定語從句修飾先行詞changes，第二個破折號后為被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成的謂語，句末部分whereas引導了一個表示對比關(guān)系的從句，whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so，在這里譯為“然而”，相當與while。