2010年考研英語(yǔ)高分策略：語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)大突破

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是復(fù)合句。去掉句首的介賓in fact所作的狀語(yǔ)，再去掉副詞though(譯為“然而”)，得到主句we are extremely sensitive to smells…，包含一個(gè)even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　【參考譯文】然而，事實(shí)上，我們對(duì)氣味極其敏感，雖然我們通常并未意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。

　　【真題例句】In other words，whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize，those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information。(2007閱讀1)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句為主從復(fù)合句。whatever引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，逗號(hào)后those differences are swamped…為主句，由一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成。其中by后的賓語(yǔ)是一個(gè)how+adj。引導(dǎo)的從句。

　　【參考譯文】換句話說(shuō)，無(wú)論兩個(gè)人所表現(xiàn)出的記憶力有什么先天差別，這些差別都會(huì)被每個(gè)人給信息進(jìn)行編碼的能力強(qiáng)弱所掩蓋。

　　【真題例句】Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test—taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip. (2007閱讀2)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句的主干為Anyone…will testify that…。主語(yǔ)anyone后為who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞testify后的賓語(yǔ)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句充當(dāng)。在此從句中，包含一個(gè)whether…or…引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句whether it’s knowing…or…，其中賓語(yǔ)部分分別由關(guān)系副詞“when+不定式”及關(guān)系代詞“which+不定式充當(dāng)”。

　　【參考譯文】任何為SAT苦戰(zhàn)過(guò)的人都能作證：無(wú)論是知道何時(shí)去猜還是知道要跳過(guò)什么問(wèn)題，應(yīng)試技巧都是起作用的。

　　【真題例句】I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems。(2006-48)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句的主干在句首，I have excluded him…，后面的because引導(dǎo)一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，在此從句中，又包含一個(gè)while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems。

　　【參考譯文】我將一般科學(xué)家排除在外是因?yàn)椋�雖然他的成就也許有助于道德問(wèn)題的解決，但卻僅僅限于這些問(wèn)題的事實(shí)方面。

　　【真題例句】While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments。(2007-50)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是復(fù)合句。句首部分是while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，與主句it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments構(gòu)成讓步關(guān)系。在主句中，it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)部分為后面的不定式to rely on…。

　　【參考譯文】盡管律師提供的評(píng)論和反饋可能會(huì)增加報(bào)道的深度，但記者最好還是依靠自己的理解，并作出自己的判斷。

　　【真題例句】While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults。(2009-48)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是復(fù)合句。While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其中it作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式to ignore…，ignore的賓語(yǔ)部分，由狀語(yǔ)in our contact with them分隔，連接后應(yīng)為to ignore the effect of our acts upon their disposition，主句部分在逗號(hào)后，包含了一個(gè)比較結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　【參考譯文】在和他們接觸的時(shí)候，雖然容易忽略我們的行動(dòng)對(duì)他們的性格的影響，但是也不像與成年人打交道那么簡(jiǎn)單。

　　【真題例句】For example, in the early industrialized countries of Europe the process of industrialization—with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so。(2000-74)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句的主干是the process of industrialization…was spread over nearly a century。前面是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)in the early industrialized countries of Europe，第一個(gè)破折號(hào)后是介詞結(jié)構(gòu)表伴隨，其中that followed是定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞changes，第二個(gè)破折號(hào)后為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成的謂語(yǔ)，句末部分whereas引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的從句，whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so，在這里譯為“然而”，相當(dāng)與while。