2010年考研英語高分策略：語法考點大突破

　　【參考譯文】奇怪的是也許已經(jīng)從雄心壯志中獲益最多的正是他們——如果不是他們自己的雄心，那么就是他們父母的和祖父母的。

　　【真題例句】What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide。(2001閱讀2)

　　【結構分析】該句子中，what引導主語從句What was less visible then，并在主語從句中充當主語。主干表語部分包含由that引導的定語從句that work against the digital divide修飾forces，關系代詞that指代forces在從句中作主語。

　　【參考譯文】然而，一些新的可以防止這種信息差距出現(xiàn)的積極因素在當時并不如現(xiàn)在這樣明顯。

　　【真題例句】What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined。(2002閱讀2)

　　【結構分析】本句的主干What they found is that…被分隔結構in attempting to model thought所作的狀語隔開。主語為what引導的名詞性從句充當，what在從句中充當賓語。表語為that引導的名詞性從句充當，在此從句中，使用了比較結構，破折號之間的部分為對前文he human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented的補充說明。

　　【參考譯文】在試圖模仿人類思維的過程中，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)人類大腦的約一千億個神經(jīng)細胞比以前想象得要聰明的多，人類的知覺活動也比以前想象得復雜。

　　【真題例句】What we forget—what our economy depends on us forgetting—is that happiness is more than pleasure without pain。(2006閱讀4)

　　【結構分析】本句子主干為what…—what…—is that…兩個what引導主語從句，在主語從句中分別充當賓語，that引導的表語從句happiness is more than…中包含一個比較結構。

　　【參考譯文】但是我們所忘記的——我們的經(jīng)濟指望我們忘卻的——是幸福而不僅僅是沒有痛苦的快樂。

　　2.Wh-引導賓語從句

　　【真題例句】Ten years ago young people were hardworking and saw their jobs as their primary reason for being, but now Japan has largely fulfilled its economic needs, and young people don’t know where they should go next。(2000閱讀4)

　　【結構分析】本句為由but并列的轉折關系兩個分句。but后是由and并列的兩個分句，在第二個分句中，know的賓語部分由where引導的從句充當。

　　【參考譯文】10年前，日本人工作勤奮，將工作視為他們存在的主要理由，但現(xiàn)在日本大體上已經(jīng)滿足了其經(jīng)濟需求，年輕人卻不知道他們下一步的目標在哪里。

　　【真題例句】When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal。(2000閱讀5)

　　【結構分析】本句句首為when引導的時間狀語從句，主句為it is advisable to find out…，其中it是形式主語，后面的不定式結構是真正的主語。在不定式結構中，find out的賓語由what引導的名詞性從句充當，what在從句中作be aiming at的賓語。for直到句末表示原因，包含一個however引導的讓步狀語從句，however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today，真正的主句是it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal，仍然是it作形式主語，真正的主語為that引導的名詞性從句。

　　【參考譯文】當一種新的藝術運動開始流行時，一種明智的做法是弄清楚它的倡議者們的真正意圖。因為，無論他們的創(chuàng)作原則在今天看來是多么牽強和荒謬，在未來這些理論很可能被認為是正常的東西。

　　【真題例句】However，there are still no forecasts for when faster-that-light travel will be available，or when human cloning will be perfected，or when time travel will be possible。(2001英譯漢)

　　【結構分析】本句主干是一個there be 句型there are still no forecasts for…，for連接的介賓短語后置作forecasts的定語。其中賓語的部分由三個when引導的名詞性從句充當，when在從句中作狀語，這三個從句由連詞or并列。

　　【參考譯文】然而，對于何時能夠進行超光速旅行，何時人類克隆技術得到完善，何時時間旅行成為可能，仍未作出預測。