2010年考研英語高分策略：語法考點大突破

　　【結構分析】本句的主干為主系表結構The explanation…seems to be…，表語部分由that引導的表語從句充當。在此從句中，使用了find it +adj.+to do 結構，it是形式賓語，真正的賓語由不定式短語充當。but并列了the brain后的兩個謂語finds it inefficient to keep…和 can create new receptors if necessary。

　　【參考譯文】對氣味的不敏感似乎可以這樣解釋，大腦發(fā)現(xiàn)讓所有的氣味感覺器官一直工作效率會很低，但在需要的時候仍可以創(chuàng)造新的感覺器官。

　　【真題例句】The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past。(2006閱讀3)

　　【結構分析】本句的主干為主系表結構The notion is that…，其中be動詞后的表語由that引導的名詞性從句充當。在此從句中，賓語部分changes后面是which引導的限制性定語從句which have happened…，which在從句中指代changes作主語，在此從句中，又包含一個because引導的原因狀語從句。

　　【參考譯文】這一觀點指出人們沒有察覺發(fā)生在海洋中的巨大變化是因為他們在審視與現(xiàn)在作對比的過去時，用來衡量這個變化的時間段相對較短。

　　【真題例句】Part of the problem is that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. (2006完形)

　　【結構分析】本句主干為主系表結構Part of the problem is that…，表語部分由that引導的名詞性從句that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs充當，注意be addicted to…翻譯為“對……成癮”。

　　【參考譯文】部分問題在于許多無家可歸的成年人都是酒鬼或者是癮君子。

　　3.that引導賓語從句

　　【真題例句】This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed。(2000閱讀4)

　　【結構分析】本句主干為This does not mean that…，that…，but only that…這三個that引導的名詞性從句都作mean的賓語，第三個that引導的賓語從句中，分詞no longer openly honored作原因狀語。

　　【參考譯文】但這并不意味著雄心抱負已經(jīng)走到了盡頭，也不意味著人們不再感覺到它的鼓舞和激勵了，而是指由于人們不再以有雄心抱負為榮，所以也很少公開了。

　　【真題例句】Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community。(2001閱讀3)

　　【結構分析】本句主干在逗號前，Replies show that…，賓語部分是that引導的賓語從句。在此從句中，compared with other Americans為分詞所作的狀語，主要部分為and并列的兩個分句journalists are more likely to live…和they’re less likely to go to…。

　　【參考譯文】對問題的回答表明，與其他美國人相比，記者往往住高檔社區(qū)、雇有傭人、擁有奔馳車、做股票交易、較少上教堂、做志愿者工作或在一個社區(qū)扎根。

　　【真題例句】The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25—0.5% of GDP. (2002閱讀3)