2010年考研英語高分策略：語法考點大突破

　　【真題例句】But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University

　　in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that

　　it is all too monkey, as well。(2005閱讀1)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句主句為主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)But a study suggests that…，其中suggest的賓語部分為that引導的名詞性從句that it is all too monkey, as well充當。兩個逗號間為which引導的非限制性定語從句which has just been published in Nature譯為“(which)剛剛發(fā)表在《自然》期刊上”，在本句中起分隔作用。關(guān)系代詞which在從句中作主語，通過分析全句，不難看出which同時指代上文完整的主句內(nèi)容。

　　【參考譯文】但是由佐治亞州亞特蘭大埃默里大學的薩拉·布魯斯南和弗蘭斯·德瓦爾進行的一項研究表明，猴子也有類似的情緒表達，這項研究成果剛剛發(fā)表在《自然》期刊上。

　　【真題例句】He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely

　　abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain

　　that he never could have succeeded with mathematics。(2008-47)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句是復合句。主句為He asserted that…，其中assert的賓語為that引導的名詞性從句充當，其中主語power后由不定式結(jié)構(gòu)to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought作后置定語。 句末是非限制性定語從句for which reason he felt certain that…，關(guān)系代詞which修飾reason指代前面整句的內(nèi)容his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited，與for連接使用，在從句中表示原因。注意he felt certain that…是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的一類特殊分支：主+系+adj.+that從句。

　　【參考譯文】達爾文同時聲稱，對于冗長而且純抽象的思想，自己的理解能力并不強。因為這個原因，他相信自己在數(shù)學方面根本不會成功。

　　6。關(guān)系代詞如果在限制性定語從句中作賓語可以被省略。

　　【真題例句】Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life

　　Kelsey used to advocate and I once enjoyed: 12 hour working days,

　　pressured deadlines, the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations

　　of being a parent on “quality time”。(2001閱讀5)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句主干在句首，Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life…，life由兩個定語從句修飾，分別為Kelsey used to advocate和I once enjoyed。由于在從句中，關(guān)系代詞指代先行詞the kind of life分別作兩個從句中各自謂語used to advocate和enjoyed的賓語，因此關(guān)系代詞被省略。冒號后為the kind of life 的具體內(nèi)容，是由四個并列短語構(gòu)成的。

　　【參考譯文】沒有什么能說服我回到那種凱爾茜曾倡導、我也曾鐘愛的生活中去：每天12小時的工作日，壓得人喘不過氣來的最后期限，可怕而緊張的辦公室權(quán)力斗爭，為人父母的“最佳時間”的限制。

　　【真題例句】Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the

　　pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering, to the extent

　　that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”。(2002閱讀4)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句主干為Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain，其中pain后的定語從句“their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering”中省略了關(guān)系代詞“that/which”(該關(guān)系代詞指代先行詞pain，在從句中作be suffering 的賓語)。句末的不定式to the extent that…作目的狀語，其中that引導同位語從句(參見同位語從句)，解釋說明extent。