2010年考研英語：7選5的命題分析與解題方法指導(dǎo)

　　高分策略之7選5的具體解題方法3：代詞線索

　　3)代詞線索

　　英語表達(dá)中代詞出現(xiàn)的頻率極高，代詞的作用無非是指代前面提及的名詞或形容詞概念，巧妙利用這樣的指代關(guān)系和根據(jù)代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)差異可以準(zhǔn)確而快速地解題。

　　例(大綱樣題)

　　There were also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.

　　44 Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.

　　[A] The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.

　　[B] Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils, From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.

　　[C] The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.

　　[D] The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world.

　　[E] The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea�瞝ilies, relations of the star�瞗ishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.

　　[F] When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.

　　[G] Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.

　　【解析】[A] 下文一開始就出現(xiàn)了指示代詞these，這說明試題前面的句子表明了一類事物，也就是說，試題部分應(yīng)該有"some, several, many"或類似的詞，對比答案只能是選項(xiàng)[A] The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.[A]里面出現(xiàn)了many different kinds of，這個(gè)短語和后面的指示代詞these形成了對應(yīng)關(guān)系。