2010年考研英語：7選5的命題分析與解題方法指導

　　高分策略之7選5的具體解題方法5：邏輯關系線索

　　5)邏輯關系線索

　　(a)并列與遞進關系: and, or, also，neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same …as,besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to ,what is more

　　例(大綱樣題)

　　43 There were also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usually an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.

　　[A] The shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.

　　[B] Nevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the rocks as fossils, From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.

　　[C] The first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.

　　[D] The best index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large over large areas of the world.

　　[E] The earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the star-fishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.

　　[F] When an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.

　　[G] Many factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or simply reduced to a more stable form.

　　【解析】[E]本題選擇的特征詞是"also"。"also"表并列關系，語義上對前文進行補充和說明，這就證明本題前面的句子中應當與also后的crab-like creatures(類似螃蟹的生物)相并列的內容，或者出現(xiàn)了有關"類似螃蟹的生物"的描述的信息。比較選項可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項[E]中出現(xiàn)的信息Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea�瞝ilies, relations of the star�瞗ishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks描述了一些生物具有"類似螃蟹的信息"： had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rock(有長腕且通過長柄附著于海床或巖石上)。因此，選項 [E]是正確答案。