花了三個(gè)小時(shí)，把真題，真題來源那本書的那一章仔細(xì)讀了;一個(gè)字一個(gè)敲出了下面這些分析(太長了，我一貫的寫作風(fēng)格：啰嗦!)。大家看看就好了。

　　考完了，奮斗過了，經(jīng)歷過了。該歇會(huì)，收拾心情，準(zhǔn)備下一次奮斗。

　　唐靜上

One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value. Yet these creatures are members of the biotic community and, if its stability depends on its inteyrity, they are entitled to continuance.

When one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love it we invent excuses to give it economic importance. At the beginning of century songbiras were supposed to be disappearing. 46)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distimctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up of birds failed to control them. The evideuce had to be economic in order to be valid.

It is pamful to read these round about accounts today.We have no land ethic yet, 47)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.

A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fish-eating birds. 48)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species.

Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly or have too low a sale value to pay as timber crops. 49)In europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such ,within reason.

To sum up:a system of conservation based solely on economic self-interest is hopelessly lopsided. 50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning. It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic parts, It tends to relegate to government many functions eventually too large, too complex, or too widely dispersed to be performed by government.

46)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distimctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up of birds failed to control them.

　　分析：

　　1.整個(gè)句子的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是scientists jumped to the rescue，這里有一個(gè)很生動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞jumped，直接翻譯的意思是“跳著”，引申為“趕緊，急忙，迅速采取行動(dòng)”。Rescue是“救援，援助”的意思，所以，即使同學(xué)們不知道“to the rescue”本身是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用法也知道怎么翻譯：科學(xué)家們急忙來挽救這種局面;或者翻譯為，科學(xué)家們迅速趕來救援。

　　2.With some distinctly shaky evidence是介詞短語作狀語，其中有一個(gè)比較核心的賓語詞evidence(證據(jù))，這個(gè)單詞在考研 翻譯20來中考過兩次，分別出現(xiàn)在95年73題和99年的73題。所以介詞with應(yīng)該翻譯為“用，使用”，因?yàn)橄挛馁e語是“證據(jù)”，所以是“使用證據(jù)”，最好不要翻譯為“帶著證據(jù)”。而evidence前面的修飾語distinctly這個(gè)詞，是“清楚地，確實(shí)地，明顯地”，這個(gè)單詞在考研翻譯2003年63題考過，在本句話中，它修飾形容詞shaky。Shaky是動(dòng)詞shake(搖動(dòng))的形容詞，意思是“不穩(wěn)固的，搖晃的”，在本句話中它修飾“證據(jù)”，說明“證據(jù)站不住腳”。

　　所以這個(gè)部分合起來可以翻譯為：科學(xué)家們使用一些明顯站不住腳的證據(jù)，急急忙忙趕來救援�；蛘咭部梢灾苯臃�譯為：科學(xué)家們迅速趕來挽救這種局面，他們使用的證據(jù)明顯站不住腳。

　　3.to the effect that... 這個(gè)短語是整個(gè)句子最難翻譯的部分。Effect這個(gè)詞倒不難，考研翻譯考過了很多次，還考過這個(gè)單詞的不同形式的詞性，比如effective。但遺憾的是，大多數(shù)同學(xué)幾乎沒有掌握這個(gè)短語的意思是“with the meaning”，翻譯成漢語就是：“大意是，意思是說...”這樣的意思。

　　4.insects would eat us up of birds failed to control them是to the effect that...所帶的從句，本身也是一個(gè)復(fù)雜句，但是很好翻譯，結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，意義清晰。但是必須要指出兩點(diǎn)。其一，eat us up，可以直譯為“把我們吃光”，因?yàn)闈h語語言本身不具有邏輯，比如漢語我們可以說“他今天把我吃垮了——言下之意是：我請客，他今天吃得夠猛，價(jià)格還很貴”;所以這個(gè)譯文應(yīng)該是正確的。但是“蟲子是不能吃人的”，所以我以為最好翻譯為：吃光一切東西。其二，fail這個(gè)詞，千萬不要翻譯為“失敗”，可以翻譯為“不能做...”。當(dāng)然，代詞them術(shù)語第三人稱代詞，最好指代明確，它指的是前面的這些“蟲子”。

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