2010年考研《英語》真題同源難句精選匯總

　　考研英語真題同源難句精選之被動(dòng)語態(tài)

　　五、被動(dòng)語態(tài)

　　【難句31】Car drivers can buy electro-petrol hybrids but aircraft are, for now, stuck with kerosene, because its energy-density makes it the only practical fuel to carry around in the air. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】以連詞but為切入點(diǎn)，本句包含兩個(gè)并列分句。其中第二個(gè)并列分句aircraft are, for now, stuck with kerosene, because its energy�瞕ensity makes it the only practical fuel to carry around in the air包含because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，使用了make it sth.(使它成為……)結(jié)構(gòu)，主句aircraft are, for now, stuck with kerosene使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)，并由介詞短語for now分隔，連接后得到aircraft are stuck with kerosene，翻譯時(shí)為符合漢語習(xí)慣譯為主動(dòng)。

　　【參考譯文】小汽車司機(jī)可以購買電力汽油混合動(dòng)力的汽車，但是飛機(jī)只能用煤油，因?yàn)樗�的能量密度使其成為唯一可以在空中攜帶的燃料。

　　【難句32】It can be plugged into a hand-held device (such as a mobile phone, music player or portable games console) to power or recharge it, and has sufficient capacity to provide around 30 hours of talk-time on a mobile phone, or 60~80 hours of playback time for an iPod music player. (The Economist Jun. 8, 2006)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】去掉括號(hào)內(nèi)的舉例補(bǔ)充說明，以and為切入點(diǎn)，得到It can be plugged into a hand�瞙eld device to power or recharge it, and has sufficient capacity to provide…, and并列了兩個(gè)謂語，前一謂語使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)be plugged，翻譯時(shí)我們可轉(zhuǎn)譯為主動(dòng)，后一謂語的賓語補(bǔ)足語to provide后的賓語由or并列，分別為around 30 hours of talk�瞭ime on a mobile phone和60~80 hours of playback time for an iPod music player。

　　【參考譯文】它可以放入手持設(shè)備(比如手機(jī)、音樂播放器或便攜式游戲機(jī))給其提供能源或充電，足以供一部手機(jī)通話30小時(shí)，或者一臺(tái)iPod音樂播放器播放60到80小時(shí)。

　　【難句33】Questions are increasingly being asked by the councils about how they can be sure that misconduct is not taking place on the grants they provide. (The Guardian Oct. 3, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)，主干為Questions are increasingly being asked about…，施動(dòng)者by the councils構(gòu)成了分隔結(jié)構(gòu)。在翻譯時(shí)，我們可以化被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)，the councils are increasingly asking questions about…，介詞about后的賓語由how引導(dǎo)的從句how they can be sure…充當(dāng)，這里又包含一個(gè)特殊的結(jié)構(gòu)“主語+adj.+從句”，that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句 misconduct is not taking place on the grants they provide中，grants后是一個(gè)省略了關(guān)系代詞that/which的定語從句，關(guān)系代詞在從句中作provide的賓語。

　　【參考譯文】各委員會(huì)越來越多地提出問題——關(guān)于他們?nèi)绾文軌虼_保在他們同意的情況下避免發(fā)生處理不當(dāng)?shù)男袨椤?/P>

　　【難句34】It’s much easier to say “Great idea!” when a terrific solution has been put forward by someone on your team, than it is to take the time to explain why an employee’s favorite brainchild isn’t going anywhere except the circular file. (Business Week Feb. 5, 2007)

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】本句成分復(fù)雜。以逗號(hào)為切入點(diǎn)，得到一個(gè)比較結(jié)構(gòu)It’s much easier to say “Great idea!”…than…。it是形式主語，前半部分的真正主語由不定式結(jié)構(gòu)to say “Great idea!”…充當(dāng)，這里包含一個(gè)when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句when a terrific solution has been put forward by someone on your team，使用了被動(dòng)語態(tài)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。后半部分真正主語為to take the time to explain…，explain后的賓語是why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 why an employee’s favorite brainchild isn’t going anywhere except the circular file。在翻譯時(shí)，我們將狀語提前，且化被動(dòng)為主動(dòng)。

　　【參考譯文】當(dāng)團(tuán)隊(duì)中的某個(gè)人提出了極好的解決方案時(shí)，說“好主意”要比花時(shí)間解釋為什么一個(gè)職員最喜歡的想法最終被拋棄要容易得多。