考研英語閱讀理解命題思路透析和真題揭秘(34)

2002年Text 1

If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.��

Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses' convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. "Who is that?" the new arrival asked St. Peter. "On, that's God," came the reply, "but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."��

If you are part of the group which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it'll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman's notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn't attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.��

If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it's the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.��

Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote "If at first you don't succeed, give up" or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pickout a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.

41. To make your humor work, you should . ��
[A] take advantage of different kinds of audience.
[B] make fun of the disorganized people.��
[C] address different problems to different people.��
[D] show sympathy for your listeners.

[答案] C

[解題思路]

本題對應(yīng)信息在第一段第三句話"Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different"（根據(jù)與你談話對象的不同，問題也應(yīng)有所不同），因此正確答案為C。要注意address這個詞在原文和選項中的用法是不同的：原文中address s[B]意思是"對某人講話"，而選項中address problems是"處理問題"的意思。A選項中的"take advantage of"的意思是"利用"，與原文意思相左。B選項的"make fun of"與原文第一段中第四句話的refer to, comment on意思不同，原文并沒有取消的意思。而D選項中的show sympathy of（同情）與原文中的be in sympathy with（贊同、支持）的意思也不同，因此這三項都可以排除。

[題目譯文]

要想使你的幽默取得效果，你應(yīng)該                        。
[A] 利用不同的聽眾
[B] 取笑那些做事雜亂無章的人
[C] 對不同的人談?wù)摬煌�的問題
[D] 對聽者表示同情

42. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are .��
[A] impolite to new arrivals.��
[B] very conscious of their godlike role.��
[C] entitled to some privileges.��
[D] very busy even during lunch hours.

[答案] B

[解題思路]

關(guān)于醫(yī)生的這則笑話出現(xiàn)在文章第二段的最后一句："On, that's God," came the reply, "but sometimes he thinks he's a doctor."（"哦，那是上帝，"他回答說，"但有時他也覺得自己是一名醫(yī)生。"）反言之，這說明護(hù)士們?nèi)⌒Φ氖轻t(yī)生們總是把自己看成是上帝，很顯然B是正確選項。A和D選項都是對故事牽強(qiáng)附會的理解，而C選項則屬于無中生有。

[題目譯文]

關(guān)于醫(yī)生的這則笑話說明了，在護(hù)士的眼中，醫(yī)生們        。
[A] 對新來者不禮貌
[B] 清楚地意識到自己的角色像上帝
[C] 被賦予某些特權(quán)
[D] 在午餐時間都非常忙

44. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered.
[A] in well-worded language.��
[B] as awkwardly as possible.��
[C] in exaggerated statements.��
[D] as casually as possible.

[答案] D

[解題思路]

文章的第四段第二句話中提到"Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks"（你可以用輕松的、不做作的方式說一些很隨便的、看上去是即興的話），也就是說，要達(dá)到幽默的最好效果，風(fēng)格一定要隨意和自然，不要做作，因此D選項符合文章的意思。A、B選項顯然與原文的意思相反，可以排除。至于C選項，盡管文章最后一段提到了exaggeration，但是原文的意思是幽默的內(nèi)容可以是一些夸張的說法，但不是只表達(dá)幽默的風(fēng)格。

[題目譯文]

要想取得預(yù)期的效果，講幽默故事的時候應(yīng)該                      。
[A] 用精心組織的語言
[B] 盡可能顯得蹩腳
[C] 用夸張的語言
[D] 盡量顯得隨意

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