2003年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語試題及答案

　　[參考譯文]

　　泰勒把文化定義為“……一個(gè)復(fù)合整體，它包括人作為社會(huì)成員所獲得的信仰、藝術(shù)、道德、法律、風(fēng)俗以及其他能力和習(xí)慣”。

　　65�� Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture,” like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.

　　[結(jié)構(gòu)分析]

　　Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture,” / like the concept of “set” in mathematics,/ is an abstract concept // which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.

　　這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture” is an abstract concept 是主句。定語從句which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding修飾名詞concept;短語like the concept of “set” in mathematics是插入語，用來補(bǔ)充說明the anthropological concept of “culture”。

　　[詞義推敲]

　　abstract concept 抽象概念

　　make possible....使……成為可能

　　anthropological 人類學(xué)的，人類學(xué)上的

　　immense 極廣大的，無邊的

　　concrete 具體的，實(shí)在的

　　[翻譯潤色]

　　Tylor defined culture as“...that complex whole...” 泰勒把文化定義為一個(gè)復(fù)合整體

　　which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits它包括信仰、藝術(shù)、道德、法律、風(fēng)俗以及其他能力和習(xí)慣

　　acquired by man as a member of society 人作為社會(huì)成員所獲得的

　　[參考譯文]

　　因此，人類學(xué)中“文化”概念就像數(shù)學(xué)中“集”的概念一樣，是一個(gè)抽象概念，它使大量的具體研究和認(rèn)識(shí)成為可能。

　　Section Ⅳ Writing

　　Directions:

　　Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1)describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and

　　2)point out its implications in our life.

　　You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

　　溫室花朵經(jīng)不起風(fēng)雨

　　根據(jù)漫畫不難發(fā)現(xiàn)一盆花兒在溫室的庇護(hù)之下含苞待放，然而離開溫室在暴風(fēng)雨的洗禮之下卻凋謝了。漫畫反映的是“溫室花朵經(jīng)不起風(fēng)雨”，即該文章的主題。

　　根據(jù)提綱中的信息1) describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning,本文開頭需要兩個(gè)段落，即描述漫畫段，引出暗含主題段。

　　根據(jù)提綱中的信息2) point out its implications in our life，本篇文章下文要體現(xiàn)出作者對(duì)該現(xiàn)象的評(píng)論，即這種現(xiàn)象在生活中的具體表現(xiàn)和最后得出的結(jié)論。