2003年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)考試英語試題及答案

　　[參考譯文]

　　社會科學(xué)是知識探索的一個分支，它力圖像自然科學(xué)家研究自然現(xiàn)象那樣，用理性的、有序的、系統(tǒng)的和冷靜的方式研究人類及其行為。

　　63�� The emphasis on data gathered first�瞙and, combined with a cross�瞔ultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.

　　[結(jié)構(gòu)分析]

　　The emphasis on data gathered first�瞙and,// combined with a cross�瞔ultural perspective // brought to the analysis of cultures past and present,/ makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.

　　這是一個復(fù)合句。The emphasis on data gathered first�瞙and makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.是主句，其中，過去分詞短語gathered first�瞙and作定語修飾名詞data;過去分詞短語combined with a cross�瞔ultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present作插入語補充說明前文的主語The emphasis on data gathered first�瞙and。在該插入語中，過去分詞短語brought to the analysis of cultures past and present作后置定語修飾名詞perspective。

　　[詞義推敲]

　　gathered first�瞙and第一手收集的

　　combined with加上;和……一起

　　bring to the analysis of 分析

　　cross�瞔ultural perspective 跨文化的視角

　　[翻譯潤色]

　　The emphasis on data gathered first�瞙and makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.強調(diào)收集第一手資料使得這一門研究成為一門獨特的并且非常重要的社會科學(xué)..., combined with a cross�瞔ultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, 加上以在分析過去和現(xiàn)在文化形態(tài)時采用跨文化視角

　　[參考譯文]

　　強調(diào)收集第一手資料，加之以在分析過去和現(xiàn)在文化形態(tài)時采用的跨文化視角，使得這一研究成為一門獨特并且非常重要的社會科學(xué)。

　　64�� Tylor defined culture as“...that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”

　　[結(jié)構(gòu)分析]

　　Tylor defined culture / as“...that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”

　　這是一個簡單句。Tylor defined culture as...that complex whole 是主干。引號里面的部分是賓語，具體是作as的賓語，本句結(jié)構(gòu)為define sth. as ... which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits 是定語從句，修飾complex whole。過去分詞短語acquired by man as a member of society作定語，修飾前文并列的名詞belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits。

　　[詞義推敲]

　　define定義

　　include包括

　　acquire by通過……而獲得

　　[翻譯潤色]

　　Tylor defined culture as“...that complex whole...” 泰勒把文化定義為一個復(fù)合整體

　　which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits它包括信仰、藝術(shù)、道德、法律、風(fēng)俗以及其他能力和習(xí)慣

　　acquired by man as a member of society人作為社會成員所獲得的