2011年12月英語四級閱讀：南極洲科研考察

　　Antarctica has actually become a kind of space station a unique observation post for detecting important changes in the world's environment. Remote from major sources of pollution and the complex geological and ecological systems that prevail elsewhere, Antarctica makes possible scientific measurements that are often sharper and easier to interpret than those made in other parts of the world.

　　Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early-warning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north. One promising field of investigation is glaciology. Scholars from the United States, Switzerland, and France are pursuing seven separate but related projects that reflect their concern for the health of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet a concern they believe the world at large should share.

　　The Transantarctic Mountain, some of them more than 14,000 feet high, divide the continent into two very different regions. The part of the continent to the "east" of the mountains is a high plateau covered by an ice sheet nearly two miles thick. "West" of the mountain, the half of the continent south of the Americas is also covered by an ice sheet, but there the ice rests on rock that is mostly well below sea level. If the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared, the western part of the continent would be reduced to a sparse cluster of island.

　　While ice and snow are obviously central to many environmental experiments, others focus on the mysterious "dry valley"of Antarctica, valleys that contain little ice or snow even in the depths of winter. Slashed through the mountains of southern Victoria Land, these valleys once held enormous glaciers that descended 9,000 feet from the polar plateau to the Ross Sea. Now the glaciers are gone, perhaps a casualty of the global warming trend during the 10,000 years since the ice age. Even the snow that falls in the dry valleys is blasted out by vicious winds that roars down from the polar plateau to the sea. Left bare are spectacular gorges, rippled fields of sand dunes, clusters of boulders sculptured into fantastic shapes by 100-mile-an-hour winds, and an aura of extraterrestrial desolation.

　　Despite the unearthly aspect of the dry valleys, some scientists believe they may carry a message of hope of the verdant parts of the earth. Some scientists believe that in some cases the dry valleys may soak up pollutants faster than pollutants enter them.

　　1. What is the best title for this passage?

　　[A] Antarctica and environmental Problems.

　　[B] Antarctica: Earth's Early-Warning station.

　　[C] Antarctica: a Unique Observation Post.

　　[D] Antarctica: a Mysterious Place.

　　2. What would the result be if the West Antarctic Ice Sheet disappeared?

　　[A] The western part of the continent would be disappeared.

　　[B] The western part of the continent would be reduced.

　　[C] The western part of the continent would become scattered Islands.

　　[D] The western part of the continent would be reduced to a cluster of Islands.

　　3. Why are the Dry Valleys left bare?

　　[A] Vicious wind blasts the snow away.

　　[B] It rarely snows.

　　[C] Because of the global warming trend and fierce wind.

　　[D] Sand dunes.

　　4. Which of the following is true?

　　[A] The "Dry Valleys" have nothing left inside.

　　[B] The "Dry Valleys" never held glaciers.

　　[C] The "Dry Valleys" may carry a message of hope for the verdant.

　　[D] The " Dry Valleys" are useless to scientists.

　　Vocabulary

　　1. distant-early-warning sensor 遠(yuǎn)距離早期報警傳感器

　　2. plateau 高原，高地

　　3. slash 揮砍

　　4. blast 一陣疾風(fēng)/狂風(fēng)

　　5. vicious 邪惡的，兇魔般的

　　6. gorge 峽谷

　　7. ripple 起伏，使起微波

　　8. sand dune 沙丘

　　9. verdant 綠色

　　10. extraterrestrial 地球之外的

　　11. aura 氣氛

　　難句譯注

　　1. Growing numbers of scientists therefore see Antarctica as a distant-early waning sensor, where potentially dangerous global trends may be spotted before they show up to the north.

　　【結(jié)構(gòu)簡析】see … as 把……看作。Where定從修飾Antarctic。

　　【參考譯文】因此，越來越多的科學(xué)家把南極洲視為一個遠(yuǎn)距離早期報警敏感器，在那里地球許多潛在的危險動向早在它們出現(xiàn)于北方以前就能發(fā)現(xiàn)。

　　2. The part of the continent to the "east" of the mountain

　　東指的使印度正南的這一部分�；蛏揭苿拥哪遣糠种�。

　　3. an aura of extraterrestrial desolation

　　應(yīng)譯為：與地球格格不入的一種荒涼隔絕的氣氛�；蚺c世隔絕的一種荒涼氣氛。

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