經(jīng)典推薦：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀題型猜詞技巧

　　三、猜詞技巧的作用

　　多個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明，猜詞技巧的培訓(xùn)能明顯提高英語(yǔ)閱讀水平。猜詞技巧是一種學(xué)習(xí)能力，學(xué)習(xí)者利用猜詞技巧有助于迅速擴(kuò)充詞匯量，增強(qiáng)閱讀興趣，提高閱讀能力。

　　一些考試，尤其是出國(guó)考試要求考生掌握大量詞匯，在考試中又會(huì)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)一些考生沒有見到過的詞匯，而且這些詞匯考生可能很難會(huì)再次碰到。要掌握這些詞匯不太可能，在這種情況下，掌握猜詞技巧就顯得尤為重要。

　　四、猜詞實(shí)戰(zhàn)(以2008年12月四級(jí)快速閱讀真題為例)

　　That's enough, kids

　　It was a lovely day at the park and Stella Bianchi was enjoying the sunshine with her two children when a young boy, aged about four, approached her two-year-old son and pushed him to the ground.

　　"I'd watched him for a little while and my son was the fourth or fifth child he'd shoved," she says." I went over to them, picked up my son, turned to the boy and said, firmly, 'No, we don't push," What happened next was unexpected.

　　shove

　　首先，我們可以判斷shove是動(dòng)詞，表示動(dòng)作。從上文得知這個(gè)小男孩"走到我兩歲兒子前，把他推到了地上"，而且"我看到他一會(huì)功夫就shove了四五個(gè)孩子"。可以推斷出，shove是與push相近的動(dòng)作。

　　屬于根據(jù)同義替代猜詞詞義。

　　"The boy's mother ran toward me from across the park," Stella says," I thought she was coming over to apologize, but instead she started shouting at me for disciplining her child, All I did was let him know his behavior was unacceptable. Was I supposed to sit back while her kid did whatever he wanted, hurting other children in the process?"

　　discipline

　　根據(jù)文中含義，我們可以推知，男孩的母親生氣了，對(duì)"我"大聲嚷叫，責(zé)怪我"discipline"教訓(xùn)她的孩子。

　　屬于內(nèi)在邏輯關(guān)系之根據(jù)同義詞的替代關(guān)系猜測(cè)詞義。

　　unacceptable

　　我們非常熟悉accept一詞，又知un-是否定前綴，-able是形容詞后綴，可直接推出unacceptable是"不可接受的"。

　　屬于構(gòu)詞技巧之根據(jù)前后綴猜詞詞義。

　　Getting your own children to play nice is difficult enough. Dealing with other people's children has become a minefield.

　　minefield

　　首先，我們已學(xué)mine(地雷)和field(場(chǎng)地)，可以猜測(cè)minefield指"雷區(qū)"。但是，根據(jù)句意，minefield的本義在這里講不通，又知上一句講到：能讓自己的孩子好好玩就已經(jīng)是件棘手的事了，和其他人的孩子相處就是個(gè)minefield。從邏輯上看，這是個(gè)比較關(guān)系。聯(lián)想minefield(雷區(qū))的特征，我們可以猜測(cè)到minefield指非常危險(xiǎn)的事情。

　　屬于構(gòu)詞技巧之復(fù)合詞的各部分以及內(nèi)部推理之根據(jù)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系猜詞詞義。

　　In my house, jumping on the sofa is not allowed. In my sister's house it's encouraged. For her, it's about kids being kids: "If you can't do it at three, when can you do it?"

　　Each of these philosophies is valid and, it has to be said, my son loves visiting his aunt's house. But I find myself saying "no" a lot when her kids are over at mine. That's OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you're talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.

　　"Kids aren't all raised the same," agrees Professor Naomi White of Monash University." But there is still an idea that they're the property of the parent. We see our children as an extension of ourselves, so if you're saying that my child is behaving inappropriately, then that's somehow a criticism of me."

　　inappropriately

　　Inappropriately為副詞，修飾"behave"，表示"行為如何"。由下文"a criticism of me"可知，inappropriately為貶義詞，我們可猜知是行為不當(dāng)。

　　In those circumstances, it's difficult to know whether to approach the child directly or the parent first. There are two schools of thought.

　　"I'd go to the child first," says Andrew Fuller, author of Tricky Kids. Usually a quiet reminder that 'we don't do that here' is enough. Kids nave finely tuned antennae (直覺) for how to behave in different settings."

　　He points out bringing it up with the parent first may make them feel neglectful, which could cause problems. Of course, approaching the child first can bring its own headaches, too.

　　This is why White recommends that you approach the parents first. Raise your concerns with the parents if they're there and ask them to deal with it," she says.

　　Asked how to approach a parent in this situation, psychologist Meredith Fuller answers: "Explain your needs as well as stressing the importance of the friendship. Preface your remarks with something like: 'I know you'll think I'm silly but in my house I don't want…'"

　　preface

　　把Preface按構(gòu)詞法拆分，由前綴pre-(在……之前)和face(面)組成，可以推出preface指在……之前。

　　屬于根據(jù)詞根詞綴猜詞詞義。