專家解析大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試歷年閱讀真題(十五)

　　30. Which of the following statements does the author support?

　　A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.

　　B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.

　　C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.

　　D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.(D)

　　題目問(wèn)作者支持下列哪個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)來(lái)看，這道題的考查范圍遍布全文，不過(guò)解答難度卻并不高，原因就是三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的迷惑性相對(duì)較小。

　　A，給“專家”所付的薪水比“雜家”要高。文中沒(méi)有直接說(shuō)工資高低問(wèn)題。從文中的觀點(diǎn)——雜家進(jìn)入管理層的機(jī)會(huì)高于專家來(lái)看，雜家的薪水肯定是高于專家的。這與A的說(shuō)法相反。

　　B，正規(guī)學(xué)校教育不如工作培訓(xùn)重要。文章里沒(méi)有類似的內(nèi)容，可以直接排除。

　　C，在職培訓(xùn)從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)角度講花費(fèi)更少。文章沒(méi)有講到花費(fèi)問(wèn)題，可以直接排除。

　　D，“雜家”在管理方面要?jiǎng)龠^(guò)“專家”。這正是文章后三段論述的中心。

　　Passage Three

　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.

　　About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: “So, how have you been?” And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old—replied. “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.”

　　This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school.

　　The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.

　　Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, Why?

　　Human development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social rote to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.

　　In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television, Television passes information, and indiscriminately (不加區(qū)分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.

　　Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.

　　31. According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.

　　A) a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child

　　B) something hardly to be expected in a young child

　　C) an inevitable has of children’s mental development

　　D) a mental scale present in all humans, including children(B)

　　32. Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world ________.

　　A) through contact with society

　　B) gradually and under guidance

　　C) naturally and by biological instinct

　　D) through exposure to social information(B)