新東方白易禮：英語四級(jí)考試語法筆記(五)

　　2、make, see, watch, hear, notice, feel等使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞的賓語后面可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，不定式符號(hào)to必須補(bǔ)上。例如：

　　They made him go. 他們讓他去。

　　He was made to go. 他被要求去了。

　　I heard him say good-bye to his friends. 我聽見他向他的朋友說再見。

　　He was heard to say good-bye to his friends. 有人聽到他向他的朋友說再見。

　　3、除助動(dòng)詞be外，動(dòng)詞get有時(shí)也可跟過去分詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)，是比較口語化的一種被動(dòng)語態(tài)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中很少用by短語。例如:

　　I got lost in the huge market. 在那個(gè)巨大的市場中我迷失了方向。

　　You might get killed/hurt. 你會(huì)送命/受傷的。

　　In the end this story got translated into English. 這故事最后被譯成了英文。

　　His car got damaged in a road accident.  他的車在交通事故中被毀了。

　　4、“have/get+賓語+過去分詞”這個(gè)句型也表達(dá)了一種被動(dòng)的意思。如：

　　I’ll have the bike repaired in no time. 我一會(huì)就把自行車修好。

　　I had my wallet stolen/lost last Sunday when I was shopping. 上星期天買東西的時(shí)候我的錢夾被盜。

　　He got his leg broken when playing football.  踢足球的時(shí)候他把腿弄斷了。

　　I bought these books at a discount and had two hundred dollars saved. 我打折買了這些書，省了兩百美元。

　　5、在need, want, require后面，主動(dòng)的-ing形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)的意思：

　　My watch needs cleaning. (=…needs to be cleaned) 我的表需要清洗。

　　Your garden needs watering. (=…to be watered) 你的花園需要澆水。

　　Does your suit require pressing, sir? 先生，您的衣服要燙嗎?

　　The car wants servicing.  這汽車要檢修。

　　(九)練習(xí)

　　1、將下列句子變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)：[主要步驟是：把原句的賓語變成主語(代詞賓格要變成主格);把原句的謂語動(dòng)詞變成被動(dòng)形式(注意：時(shí)態(tài)不變，新謂語動(dòng)詞與新主語要一致，疑問句要注意助動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換)。復(fù)合句中如有可能主句和從句都要變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。]

　　1)He gave me a present.

　　I was given a present by him.

　　2)My sister made the soup.

　　The soup was made by my sister.

　　3)The workers could not find the manager anywhere in the factory.

　　The manager could not be found anywhere in the factory by the workers.

　　4)The army engineers and soldiers have built a bridge over the river.

　　A bridge has been built over the river by the army engineers and soldiers.

　　5)The police will surely arrest the thieves.

　　The thieves will surely be arrested by the police.

　　6)My brother will repair my bike for me.

　　My bike will be repaired by my brother.

　　7)You must clean your watch once a year.

　　Your watch must be cleaned once a year.

　　8)I didn’t tell you Xiao Wang could do the job.

　　You were not told (that) the job could be done by Xiao Wang.