臨場技巧：英語六級聽力短文聽寫解題原則

　　關(guān)于六級短文聽力

　　1、 結(jié)構(gòu)：三篇文章，要求考生在四個選項中選出最符合原文的答案。每題1分，共10分(占710分中的10%)。

　　2、難度：難度年年上升，考生失分的重災(zāi)區(qū)。短文部分由三篇文章構(gòu)成，內(nèi)容題材極為廣泛，不僅考察學(xué)生的理解能力，而且還有對信息的短期記憶能力和思維能力。

　　3、基本規(guī)則：視聽基本一致原則(根本原則);

　　順序出題原則(即題目順序和文章內(nèi)容的進展是對應(yīng)的);

　　首尾句原則(即首句和尾句處容易出題);

　　同義替換原則(選項的單詞和短語是原文中的同義或近義)

　　重點詞匯考點原則 (轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系詞匯、因果關(guān)系詞匯、最高級詞匯、情態(tài)動詞

　　等詞匯的后方信息更容易成為答案)

　　例題分析：2007年12月第一篇短文聽力(聽力音頻請見網(wǎng)站音頻鏈接)

　　26. A)To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.

　　B)To reform railroad management in western European countries.

　　C)To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.

　　D)To set up an express train network throughout Europe.

　　27. A)Major European airlines will go bankrupt.

　　B)Europeans will pay much less for traveling.

　　C)Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.

　　D)Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.

　　28. A)Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.

　　B)Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.

　　C)Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.

　　D)Traveling by train may be as quick as，or even quicker than by air.

　　29. A)In 1981. C)In 1990.

　　B)In 1989. D)In 2000.

　　In January 1989, the Community of European Railways presented their proposal for a high speed pan-European train network extending from Sweden to Sicily, and from Portugal to Poland by the year 2020. (第26題考點。注意train network在選項中反映)If their proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in Europe. Journeys between major cities will take half the time they take today.(第27題考點，注意half在選項中的反映) Brussels will be only one and a half hours from Paris. The quickest way to get from Paris to Frankfurt, from Barcelona to Madrid will be by train, not plane. When the network is complete, it will integrate three types of railway line: totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour, upgraded lines which allow for speeds up to 200 to 225 kilometers per hour, and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight. If businesspeople can choose between a three-hour train journey from city-center to city-center and a one-hour flight, they’ll choose the train, says an executive travel consultant. They won’t go by plane any more. If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.(第28題考點。說明短途的火車的優(yōu)勢大于短途的飛機。請注意此處strike的含義為“罷工”) Since France introduced the first 260-kilometer-per-hour high speed train service between Paris and Lyons in 1981(第29題考點。), the trains have achieved higher and higher speeds. On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90% of their passengers to high speed trains. If people accept the Community of European Railways’ plan, the 21 century will be the new age of the train.

　　26. What is the proposal presented by the Community of European Railways?

　　27. What will happen when the proposal becomes a reality?

　　28. Why will business people prefer a three-hour train journey to a one-hour flight?

　　29. When did France introduce the first high speed train service?

　　Keys：DCDA

　　分析：

　　這是一篇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的六級短文聽力，詞匯、主題、深度都要比四級高，但是破題方法卻如出一轍。

　　第26題：

　　本題是首題，所以當(dāng)然對應(yīng)原文的首句。除了視聽一致的使用外，原文中的high speed pan-European train network(泛歐洲高速火車網(wǎng))被選項替換成了express train network throughout Europe(遍布歐洲的特快列車網(wǎng)絡(luò))。這是同義替換原則的使用。Express在其他聽力題目中還有快遞的含義，請注意。

　　第28題：

　　本題目考察的是考生真正的聽力理解能力。原文：“If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to-and-from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first.”(如果你計算航班飛行時間、辦理登機手續(xù)時間、往返機場時間，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)和坐火車比沒有任何區(qū)別。如果因為天氣、空中航班過多或罷工而導(dǎo)致飛機遲到，火車乘客會首先到達目的地。)這個長難句的意思就是說明：短途來講，火車更有優(yōu)勢，更快。而選項考的就是這個分析能力。

　　第29題：

　　首先，請注意序數(shù)詞系列，諸如“first、last、finally”等，向來都是聽力考試中的關(guān)鍵詞匯。它們體現(xiàn)的是事實的順序，屬于一種強調(diào)的用法。全文的年代詞匯只有：1989、2020和1981，又由于這已經(jīng)是最后一道題目了，所以綜合使用順序出題原則，當(dāng)然對應(yīng)最后出現(xiàn)的1981年。