新題型：英語四級真題及詳解精講版(2006年6月)

　　【實例拓展】The area can easily be worked out if you know the length and the breadth. 如果知道長度與寬度，很容易計算出乘積。

　　【舉一反三】詞義擴展work out ①產(chǎn)生結果 ②制訂出 ③了解某人的本質(zhì)

　　5. present v. 展現(xiàn)，顯示，呈現(xiàn)

　　【文中實例】His results to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction. 在人機互動交流大會上，他的研究結果被公之于眾。

　　【實例拓展】The queen was presented with a bundle of flowers at the airport. 在機場，人們給女王獻了一束鮮花。

　　【舉一反三】短語擴展 at present 現(xiàn)在，馬上;for the present 暫時，目前;present sb. with 把……給某人

　　6. deception n. 欺騙，詭計

　　【文中實例】…reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接觸) of emailing would make it easier to lie. ……其理由是欺騙會使人不安，因此以非直接接觸的方式發(fā)郵件使人說起謊來更容易。

　　【實例拓展】This made Tom sadder than his deception. 這比受騙更令湯姆難受。

　　【舉一反三】派生詞deceive v. 欺騙;deceptious=deceptive 騙人的

　　7. crucial a. 決定性的，關鍵性的

　　【文中實例】But Hancock says it is also crucial … 但漢考克說問題的關鍵還在于……

　　【實例拓展】The success of this experiment is crucial to the project as a whole. 這次試驗的成功是整個工程的關鍵所在。

　　【舉一反三】同義詞urgent，decisive，pressing，critical 決定性的

　　8. account n. 記述，描述，報道

　　【文中實例】People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account. 當人們知道交流內(nèi)容日后可能被拿來與他們對證時，就不太敢說謊了。

　　【實例拓展】President Bush says he will take all means necessary to hold North Korea to account if it attempts to transfer nuclear weapons. 布什總統(tǒng)聲稱，如果朝鮮試圖轉(zhuǎn)移核武器，他將用各種必要方式讓朝鮮承擔責任。

　　【舉一反三】短語擴展hold…to account 讓……承擔責任;account for 做出解釋;keep an account of 記錄;settle accounts with 與(某人)結清賬目;take something into account (或 take account of) (在決定或行動之前)將……考慮進去;on account of 由于，因為

　　9. priority n. 優(yōu)先權，優(yōu)先考慮的事，重點

　　【文中實例】Work assessment, where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email. 重誠信的工作業(yè)績考察，最好還是通過電子郵件展開。

　　【實例拓展】The development of the national economy is a top priority. 優(yōu)先考慮發(fā)展國民經(jīng)濟。

　　【舉一反三】派生詞prior a. 優(yōu)先(權)的;相關短語 prior to… 在……以前，優(yōu)先于

　　三、難句解析

　　1. The first study to compare honesty across a range of communications media has found that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails.

　　【解析】本句的主干部分并不復雜，是The first study has found that…，意為“首項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)……”。較難的兩個部分，其一to compare honesty across a range of communications media，這部分是不定式短語做定語來修飾句子主語The first study;其二that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails在句中做賓語，從句中包含有as…as比較結構。此句可以理解為that people are twice as likely to tell lies in phone conversations as they are (likely to tell lies) in emails。

　　【譯文】首項比較各種通訊媒介的誠實度的研究表明，人們在電話中說謊的頻率可能是電子郵件中的兩倍。

　　2. The fact that e-mails are automatically recorded—and can come back to haunt (困擾) you—appears to be the key to the finding.

　　【解析】本句的主干部分是The fact appears to be the key to the finding。句子的主語The fact之后的that從句——that e-mails are automatically recorded—and can come back to haunt (困擾)，是同位語從句，用來解釋The fact 的具體內(nèi)容。

　　【譯文】電子郵件可以自動保存記錄——并且這些記錄的保留會反過來困擾你——這似乎是這項研究結果的關鍵。

　　3. In it they noted the number of conversations or e-mail exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told.

　　【解析】本句的主干是they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges…, and confessed to how many lies they told。and 后面的句子簡單，and前面的句子較長，其中conversations or e-mail exchanges的后面，帶有兩個定語they had 和lasting more than 10 minutes。

　　【譯文】在日記中，學生們記錄了自己與人交流十分鐘以上的談話和電子郵件的數(shù)量，并且坦白自己在此期間撒了多少次謊。

　　4. Some expected e-mailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment (非直接接觸) of e-mailing would make it easier to lie.

　　【解析】本句的主句部分簡單明了，是Some expected emailers to be the biggest liars。較難的部分是主句后reasoning that的狀語部分。reasoning 之后的that 從句中，because deception makes people uncomfortable在從句中做原因狀語，意為“因為欺騙會使人不舒服”。the detachment (非直接接觸) of e-mailing would make it easier to lie，是從句的主干部分。