請閱讀Passage l，完成第21—25小題。

　　Passage 1

　　Results showed that at least a tenth of the Harvard first-year undergraduates polled admitted to having cheated on an exam prior to starting at the university, while almost half admitted to cheating on their homework. An anonymous survey by Harvard's newspaper has revealed a surprising pattern of academic dishonesty among students entering the US universities.

　　The survey by The Harvard Crimson was emailed to the incoming first year undergraduates;1,600 students responded. Results showed that at least a tenth of the students polled admitted to having cheated on an exam prior to starting at the university, while almost half admitted to cheating on their homework.

　　Athletes were apparently the most prone to cheating. 20 percent of students who played a university sport admitted to cheating on an exam compared to 9 percent of students who did not.

　　The survey also revealed that men were not only more likely to cheat but were also more likely to admit to it.

　　The results, compared to a previous survey done on the class of 2013, suggested that cheating may be becoming more commonplace. Of the outgoing seniors only 7 percent admitted to cheating in an exam and another 7 percent said they had been dishonest on a take-home test. 32 percent of the seniors said they had cheated on homework during their undergraduate years..

　　The surveys come in the wake of a cheating scandal at the university which saw 120 students investigated for sharing answers on an exam in 2012. One recent graduate stated: "Cheating was commonplace when I was at Harvard, especially with students in their first year or two. I would say as many as 60 per cent of students took notes into some exams. No one really cared the faculty,well some of them at least, seemed to recognize and yet ignore the problem."

　　In an email to NBC News, Jeff Neal, a Harvard representative, explained that a committee,made up of faculty, staff and students had been established to tackle cheating, which "is a national problem in American education".

　　He added: "While the vast majority of Harvard and other students do their work honestly,beginning this year Harvard College has implemented a new, more robust strategy of communicating with all students, particularly first-year students, about the importance--and the ways to achieve--academic integrity."

　　In a rebuff to critics who say university has become little more than an expensive party, 84 per cent of the responding undergraduates fully expected to prioritize their academics over extracurricular activities, sport, employment and their social lives. Not a single student put academics at the bottom of their list. Not content with confining themselves to their degree subject,59 percent of incoming students expressed a desire to pursue a secondary field of study, and 36

　　percent hoped to learn a language.

　　21. What did the results show according to the first two paragraphs?

　　A. Most American students cheat in exams before they enter universities.

　　B. Most American students entering the universities admit they have cheated.

　　C. Half of students entering the universities admit to cheating on their homework.

　　D. There is academic dishonesty among students entering the US University.

　　22. What does the author mean by saying "The results suggested that cheating may be becoming more commonplace." (Para. 4)?

　　A. After the previous survey in 2013, more students are found cheating.

　　B. More cheating students were under the survey this time.

　　C. No measures are taken to manage the phenomenon of cheating.

　　D. Most students don't pay attention to their curricula.

　　23. Which of the following is not the measure taken by Harvard University?

　　A. The university has set up a committee made up of faculty, staff and students.

　　B. Communicate with students about the importance of academic honesty.

　　C. Punish the students who cheat and if cheat, with no diploma.

　　D. Communicate with students about how to achieve academic integrity.

　　24. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

　　A. Most students prefer extracurricular activities to academics.

　　B. Most students of Harvard University still pay attention to academics.

　　C. The tuition fee of Harvard University is quite high.

　　D. Cheating phenomenon mean no enterprise of students.

　　25. What is the tone of the author according to the passage?

　　A. Subjective.

　　B. Exaggerated.

　　C. Sarcastic.

　　D. Objective.

　　請閱讀Passage 2。完成第26-30小題。

　　Passage 2

　　Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed, presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations, documents actual events, and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened"documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000.

　　Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modern example is Gaki No Tsukai), to surveillance-or voyeurism-focused productions such as Big Brother.

　　Critics say that the term "reality television" is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic locations or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers,and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques.

　　Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations. For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, travelling on extraordinary" dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity.

　　Some commentators have said that the name "reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment,creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word "reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama."

　　26. In the first line, the writer says "it is claimed" because__________.

　　A. they agree with the statement

　　B. everyone agrees with the statement

　　C. no one agrees with the statement

　　D. they want to distance themselves from the statement

　　27. Reality TV appeals to some because __________.

　　A. it shows eligible males dating women

　　B. it uses exotic locations

　　C. it shows average people in exceptional circumstances

　　D. it can turn ordinary people into celebrities

　　28. The term "reality television" is inaccurate__________.

　　A. for all programs

　　B. just for Big Brother and Survivor

　　C. for talent and performance programs

　　D. for special-living-environment programs

　　29. Pop Idol__________.

　　A. turns all its participants into celebrities

　　B. is more likely to turn its participants into celebrities than Big Brother

　　C. is less likely to turn its participants into celebrities than Big Brother

　　D. is a dating show

　　30. Mark Burnett__________.

　　A. was a participant on Survivor

　　B. is a critic of reality TV

　　C. thinks the term "reality television" is inaccurate

　　D. writes the script for Survivor

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