13. gulf n. 海灣;隔閡;鴻溝

　　Can you tell me for sure who was the real winner of the Gulf War?(你能確定地告訴我誰是海灣戰(zhàn)爭的真正贏家嗎?)

　　The quarrel left a gulf between the two close friends.　(那場爭吵在兩位好友間造成了隔閡。)

　　the Persian Gulf　波斯灣　　　the Gulf of Mexico　墨西哥灣

　　Gulf Stream　灣流，墨西哥灣流

　　14. stream n. 小河，溪流 　　v. 流，涌

　　They had a walk along the bank of the stream.(他們沿著河岸散步。)

　　Lots of tree leaves are floating along with the stream.(許多樹葉正隨著水流漂浮。)

　　Tourists came into the cave in a steady stream.(游客們源源不斷地進入山洞。)

　　Tears streamed down her cheeks when she heard the news.(當她聽到那個消息時，淚水順著臉頰流了下來。)

　　He didn't even frown when blood streamed from his wound.　(血從傷口涌出時，他連眉頭都沒皺一下。)

　　a stream of cold air　一股冷空氣　　　a stream of people　一股人流

　　a stream of lies　一串謊言　　　　　 a stream of good ideas　一系列好主意

　　a stream of light　一道光線　　　　　stream of consciousness　意識流

　　go against the stream　逆潮流而動　　 go with the stream　隨波逐流

　　stream-lined cars 流線型汽車

　　15. current n. (空氣，水等的)流，潮流;電流;傾向　　 adj. 當前的，通行的

　　The child had been swept away by the current.(孩子被水流卷走了。)

　　A steady current of heated air rose from the mountain top.　(一股熱氣從山頂源源不斷升起。)

　　There was a powerful electric current running through the wires.　(一股強大的電流流過電線。)

　　Mass media influence the current of public opinion.(大眾傳媒影響輿論的傾向。)

　　Give me a current issue of Reader's Digest.(給我一本最近一期的讀者文摘。)

　　A long time ago， it was a current belief that the earth was flat.　(很久以前，人們普遍相信地球是扁平。)

　　the main current　主流　　　　　　a warm current 暖流

　　an alternating current　交流電　　　a direct current　直流電

　　current events　時事　　　　　　 current situation　當前形勢

　　16. affect v. 影響;打動;(疾病)侵襲 effect n. 效果;作用，影響;

　　His mood was greatly affected by the sad news. 　(那個悲痛的消息使他的心緒大受影響。)

　　Computers affect our life in many ways.(計算機在許多方面影響我們的生活。)

　　Reading in dim light constantly will surely affect the eyes.(經常在昏暗的光線下看書肯定會對眼睛有影響。)

　　The child was affected with high fever.(孩子發(fā)高燒了。)

　　The color gives the effect of being warm.(這顏色給人以暖感。)

　　The wonderful sky effect on the festival night impressed everybody.

　　(絢麗的節(jié)日夜空給每一個人都留下了深刻印象。)

　　I just hope this medicine won't have serious side-effect.　(我只希望這種藥沒有嚴重的副作用。)

　　sound effect　音響效果　　　three-dimensional effect 立體感

　　lighting effect　燈光效果　　 cause and effect　因果

　　no effects　無存款(銀行在空頭支票上的批語)

　　be of no effect無效　　　　　bring sth. to effect　實行，實施

　　in effect實際上　　　　　　　take effect　見效;生效

　　17. climate n. 氣候

　　The change in climate might be one of the causes for the extinction of dinosaurs.

　　(氣候的變化也許是恐龍滅絕的一個原因。)

　　In cold climates， some of the livestock have to be kept indoors all winter.

　　(在寒冷的氣候區(qū)，一些牲畜得在室內一冬。)

　　In the present economic climate we can make greater achievement.

　　(在目前的經濟氣候下，我們能夠取得更大的成就。)

　　weather n. 天氣

　　The football match had to be put off because of bad weather.　(由于天氣不好，足球比賽被推遲了。)

　　What's the weather like in Hangzhou? I hope it is not as hot there.(杭州的天氣怎么樣?希望那兒不那么熱。)

　　18. flow n. 流 　 v. 流動

　　Heavy rains brought mud flows down the mountain. (暴雨把泥流沖下了山。)

　　The doctor stopped the flow of blood. (醫(yī)生把血止住了。)

　　The river flows east into the sea. (這條河向東流入大海。)

　　19. furnish v. 供應，提供;裝備，(用家具)布置

　　The school has decided to furnish the library with some new books.　(學校決定給圖書館提供一些新書。)

　　They furnished all the passengers with life jackets. (他們?yōu)樗�有的乘客提供救生衣�?

　　She wants to furnish her new house with modern furniture.(她想用時新家具布置新家。)

　　20. highway n. 公路; (水陸)交通干線

　　The canal was the only highway for commerce.(這條遠河是唯一的商業(yè)路線。)

　　You can find many motels along the highways.(在高速公路沿線你會看到許多汽車旅館。)

　　21. float v.(使)漂浮

　　Colorful flags are floating in the morning breeze.(彩旗在晨風中飄蕩。)

　　When winter comes yellow leaves float down.(冬天到來時，黃葉飄落。)

　　It will be much easier for you to float the logs down the river.(你們把木材順流下漂將會容易得多。)

　　本課主要構詞法

　　Affixation　　(詞綴法)

　　1. 反意詞前綴un- 　　　unusual，unwilling

　　2. 形容詞后綴-y 　　　salty

　　3. 名詞后綴-or 　　　sailor

　　Compounding 　　(合詞法)

　　1. 復合名詞 　　　highway，steamship，airplane

　　2. 復合形容詞 　　　mid-Atlantic，eastward

　　本課簡介

　　The Atlantic Ocean向讀者介紹了有關大西洋的情況。我們可以了解航行大西洋的過去和現(xiàn)在，也可以了解大西洋“制造”出來的世界之最。

　　本課主要語言點

　　1. The Atlantic Ocean is one of the oceans that separate the Old World from the New.

　　在表示河流，海洋，群島，沙漠等地理名稱的名詞前，以及以復數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的國名前要用定冠詞，例如：the Yellow River(黃河)，the Pacific Ocean(太平洋)，the British Isles (不列顛群島)，the Sahara(撒哈拉沙漠)，the Alps(阿爾卑斯山脈)， the Philippines (菲列賓)

　　在表示某一座山，島嶼或某一個湖時不用定冠詞，例如：Yellow Mountain(黃山)，Lake Erie(伊利湖)，Hainan Island(海南島)

　　one of +復數(shù)名詞是英語中常見的用法，請翻譯下面的句子：

　　She is one of the most hardworking students in our class.　(她是我們班學習最刻苦的學生之一。)

　　Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in the world.(上海是世界最大的城市之一。)

　　印度是世界上人口最多的國家之一。　(India is one of the countries with the largest population in the world.)

　　尼羅河是世界上最長的河流之一。(Nile is one of the longest rivers in the world.)

　　在one of +復數(shù)名詞+定語從句的結構中，定語從句一般被看作修飾復數(shù)名詞，因此該從句中的謂語要用復數(shù)形式。例如：

　　This is one of the best novels that have been published this year.　(這是今年出版的最佳小說之一。)

　　Mr. Smith is one of those men who always think they are right.(史密斯先生屬于那些總是認為自己正確的人。)

　　He is not one of those who bow before difficulties.(他不是那種在困難面前低頭的人。)

　　但是在the only one of +復數(shù)名詞+定語從句的結構中，定語從句應該被看成修飾單數(shù)名詞。例如：

　　He was the only one of the boys who was praised by the teacher.　(他是男孩中唯一受到老師表揚的。)

　　Helen is the only one of those girls who doesn't wear make-up.　(海倫是那些女孩中唯一不化妝的。)

　　separate from是常用詞組，在句子中的意思是“(使)分離，(使)分開”，請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1)英吉利海峽把英法兩國隔開。(The English Channel separates England from France.)

　　2)理論不應該脫離實際。(Theory should not be separated from practice.)

　　the Old world指歐，亞，非三洲，有時僅指歐洲。the New (World) 指哥倫布發(fā)現(xiàn)的美洲大陸。

　　2. For centuries it kept the Americas from being discovered by the people of Europe.

　　for centuries 意為“許多世紀”。在英語中用介詞for加表示時間的復數(shù)名詞的表達形式很常見。請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1)I haven't seen you for days. How is everything?(多日不見，一切都好嗎?)

　　2)I haven't seen him for years， I am sure he has changed a lot.　(我多年沒見到他了，他一定變了不少。)

　　3)It seems I have been waiting for you for centuries. Where have you been?(我似乎等了你幾個世紀了，你去哪兒了?)

　　keep… from doing 是習慣用法，意思是“使…不…”。

　　例如：It is really not easy to keep Father from smoking.(要使父親不抽煙真不容易。)

　　請翻譯下面的句子：

　　1)Heavy fog kept the ships from being discovered by the enemy.　(大霧使得船只未被敵人發(fā)現(xiàn)。)

　　2)We had no way to keep him from getting involved in the matter.　(我們沒有辦法使他不卷入那事件中去。)

　　3)那種藥使他的咳嗽不再加劇。　(The medicine keeps his cough from getting more serious.)

　　4)當?shù)厝说谋Ｊ厮枷胧沟媚莻�地方不能快速發(fā)展。

　　(The local people's conservative mind keeps that place from developing rapidly.)

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