復(fù)習(xí)資料：2003-2008年考研作文真題及黃金范文

　　2003年

　　66. Directions:

　　Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1) describe the set of drawings,interpret its meaning,and

　　2) point out its implications in our life.

　　You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)

　　溫室花朵經(jīng)不起風(fēng)雨

　　范文

　　The above two pictures have shaped sharp contrast to each other. In one picture, a flower grows in a greenhouse and is in full bloom in spite of the outside rain. But in the other, the flower, moved outside and without the protection of the greenhouse, is withering in the thunderstorm. The two pictures show us that the flower, which is raised in a greenhouse and carefully protected, cannot stand natural wind and rain at all.

　　It is most likely that the drawer means to compare children in our country to the flower in his drawings and reflect a problem in the present education of our children. For one thing, nowadays, most children are brought up by their parents with tender care. Parents always try their best to meet the children�餾 demands, to provide them with the best environment of growth and study and to protect them from any possible harms, setbacks and sufferings. For another, owing to the present examination�瞣riented education system, most children are too heavily burdened with studies to have time to take part in social activities, so they learn little about the society, the real world outside their family and school. Growing up in such a manner and such an environment, the children will inevitably and naturally lack the ability to stand sufferings and overcome obstacles when they leave their parents and step into the society.

　　To sum up, the problem of children�餾 education must be solved timely and effectively because it is they that constitute the future of our country.

[NextPage]

　　2004年

　　66. Directions:Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1) describe the drawing,

　　2) interpret its meaning,and

　　3) support your view with examples.

　　You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)

　　終點又是新起點

　　范文

　　Section Ⅳ Writing

　　In the picture presented to us, there is a boy running on annular tracks and reaching the finishing line. Heavily sweating as he is, a happy smile hangs on his lips. However, as an arrow marked “End” points on the finishing line, there occurs another arrow marked with “Beginning”.

　　Though this picture only describes a runner who is going to start a new run after reaching the finishing line, yet it demonstrates a universal law that governs the development of mankind. In other words, if we want to make constant progress we must keep forging ahead instead of resting on laurels. Robertson once said, “Whenever he is satisfied with what he does, he has reached his culminating point—he will progress no more.”

　　This reminds me of Picasso, whose works greatly influenced the path of 20th�瞔entury art. But what has impressed me most is not the notable success he has achieved but his enterprising spirit. Besides “the greatest artist of the 20th century”, he is acclaimed as “the youngest artist in the world” because he unremittingly pursued and explored new styles of painting all his life. After producing his most famous post�瞚mpressionist style, he later developed many other styles and even at the last moment of his life he was producing a new painting.

[NextPage]

　　2005年

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.

　　Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

　　范文

　　Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.

　　Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

　　Dear Mr. Wang,

　　It was very kind of you to give me this opportunity to work as an editor, but now I am very sorry to say that I have to quit my present job.

　　The chief reason is that I find the job is not as challenging as I have thought. I have been asked to do the jobs of checking and proofreading instead of accomplishing creative tasks such as inventing and formulating. Besides, the pay also turns out to be lower than my expectation.

　　I am sure that my working experience here will benefit me in my future career. I do apologize for any inconvenience cause by my resignation, and I wish you all the best.

　　Best regards.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.

　　You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

　　范文

　　What a distressing irony to see such a special “football” match! The ball is an old father, and none of the four goal keepers, three sons and a daughter, would let the “ball” go into their goals. The father can do nothing but huddle himself up in the middle of the field. Looking at the picture, I believe, every reader with conscience will feel intensely pained by the pitiful situation of the father and the hardhearted filial impiety of the sons and the daughter.

　　It is no doubt that the sons and the daughter are to be condemned. Father is the person who has brought them up with great love. How can they treat him so cruelly? Filial piety has been advocated as a traditional Chinese virtue throughout history. Every step of a child�餾 growth, from birth to death, bears so much time and energy of the parents and above all, their unselfish love. So our parents rightly deserve our reward—love, respect, care and support. What�餾 more, family relationship is very much like a mirror. If you smile upon it, it will smile back upon you. By treating our parents kindly, we will set an example for our sons and daughters and gain their respect and love in return.

　　In a word, it is our innate obligation to be filial to our parents.

[NextPage]

　　2006年

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.

　　Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)

　　范文

　　Dear Sir or Madam,

　　I am writing to inquire the possibility of providing financial aid for a proper candidate.

　　I wish that you could find a primary schoolgirl in the rural areas of western China. More often than not girls drop out of school there for the lack of money. I plan to offer 3000 yuan per year up until she finishes secondary education. If she can enter university, I will continue to support her until she graduates and finds a job.

　　I wish that it would not be too difficult to find such a candidate. I am looking forward to your early reply.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　Li Ming

　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1. describe the photos briefly,

　　2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them,

　　3. give your point of view.

　　You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)

　　范文

　　The photos show two big fans of Beckham—a British football star. One writes the star�餾 name on his face and the other is having his hair made an expensive Beckham style.

　　From them, we can vividly sense the enthusiasm of hero worship, which is an ordinary phenomenon in modern society. As a matter of fact, with mass media and multi�瞔ulture fast developing, hero worship covers an increasingly large scope. People from all walks of life, usually if they are successful, outstanding or popular, may be admired by others.

　　Hero worship is not absolutely right or wrong. It depends on what the worshipper does for his idol. If handled appropriately, hero worship may stimulate the positive aspects in us, such as passion for life, motivation for work and noble values. Learning from our idols we can gain enlightenment, encouragement and qualities that we need when we strive for a career. By loving them, we can add color to our life and explore a larger range of social experiences.

　　But as everything has its limits, hero worship will bring adverse effects beyond proper control. If we are indulged in it and lose ourselves, we will be shaded by our idols and then what will be the meaning of our personal life?

　　Therefore, the key lies in whether we can maintain our independence and individuality. It is up to us to live in the shadow or the sunshine of the heroes we admire.

[NextPage]

　　2007年

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.

　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)

　　范文

　　Dear Sir or Madam,

　　I am writing this letter to raise some suggestions for improving the service of our university library.

　　Generally speaking, the library functions well, but there are still several problems. To begin with, more librarians should work in the circulation hall so that students can borrow and return books more quickly. In addition, the opening hours should be lengthened so that more students can take advantage of the library. Last but not least, the computer room should be expanded so that more students can gain access to the Intranet and the Internet.

　　I will be grateful if my suggestions receive your favorable consideration, and I firmly believe that the service level will be improved significantly in the near future.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Li Ming

　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

　　1) describe the drawing briefly,

　　2) explain its intended meaning, and then

　　3) support your view with an example/examples.

　　You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

　　范文

　　In the picture, there shapes a sharp conflict between the goal keeper and the ball player. The former exaggerates the goal and minimizes himself in his mind while the latter thinks otherwise. Actually, both the goal and the keeper are just in normal size. What causes the problem is that they have overestimated the difficulty they are each faced with. Such attitude towards difficulty will surely produce negative effects on the results.

　　Difficulties are in the pathway of everyone. To overcome them, we must at first make correct judgment on the situation, which is based on confidence, courage and rational thinking. Let�餾 take memory for example. In the process of learning, students need to remember a lot of things, such as Chemical Elements Periodic Table, ancient articles and mathematical formulae. But many complain that it is hard to remember them accurately and they are ready to give up when they feel so. On the contrary, those who learn successfully are confident about themselves and willing to try although they also feel difficult at first. And later they find the more they practise the memory, the easier it becomes to remember.

　　In conclusion, if we are to succeed in handling the difficult things, we must have self�瞔onfidence, judge the situation rationally and be courageous enough to keep trying.

[NextPage]

　　2008年

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to

　　1) make an apology, and

　　2) suggest a solution.

　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

　　Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.

　　Do not write the address. (10 points)

　　范文

　　Dear Bob,

　　I have arrived in Shanghai yesterday and I want to show my gratitude to you for your hospitality.

　　I am so sorry that I have forgotten to return the music CD that you lent me last month and I decide to send it back as soon as possible. Together with it is another CD of traditional Chinese music as a gift for you, which I hope that you will enjoy it very much.

　　I wish I had not caused too much trouble for you. Thank you again for the help you gave me during my stay in Canada. Please tell me if you visit China some day and I can be your tour guide.

　　Best regards.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　Li Ming

　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

　　1) describe the drawing briefly,

　　2) explain its intended meaning, and then

　　3) give your comments.

　　You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

　　你一條腿，我一條腿，

　　你我一起，走南闖北

　　范文

　　The picture presents a touching sight to us. Two handicapped men are walking quite quickly by binding their disabled legs together and holding fast to each other�餾 shoulders, with their crutches left behind. What respectable persons they are! They have surpassed their own physical deficiency and explored a smoother and easier way of advancing by drawing strength and support from each other. Obviously, what is highlighted in the picture is cooperation.

　　In modern times, cooperation has become an efficient and effective way to solve many problems. To begin with, through cooperation, we can heighten our strength so as to accomplish the things that are impossible to be done only by one person. We all have our own limitations and with the fast development of science and technology, we are facing a world that is more and more sophisticated. Therefore, we often need to combine others�� abilities and resources to gain success. What�餾 more, cooperation is not the simple addition but fusion of all partners�� strength. Making use of different members�� strong points, offsetting the weaknesses, supporting mutually and sharing resources with each other, we can then attain to a capacity that is much stronger than the sum of all partners��.

　　All in all, by cooperation among each other, we will be able to explore a wider world and reach further.上海地區(qū)考研英語閱卷點的工作非常認(rèn)真細(xì)致——每次正式閱卷前，都會召集閱卷組長開會，討論評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，確定具體的實施辦法。

　　下面談?wù)?005年組長開會的情況：

　　Section III Writing

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.

　　Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead.

　　You do not need to write the address. (10 points)

　　Part B

　　52.Directions:

　　Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.

　　You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

[NextPage]

　　2005小作文評分指令

　　首先談?wù)勑∽魑�。由于總分不高，所以如果出現(xiàn)格式錯誤，所扣分應(yīng)不超過一分。格式包括右上角的日期，這個日期不寫是可以的，但不能寫在信的最后面。信應(yīng)該包含抬頭和最后的簽名，Yours與下一行的署名如果緊靠左側(cè)寫不扣分。針對照抄指令的同學(xué)要扣分這一點，規(guī)定只要把原來句中的you改為I就不算照抄。

　　一定要包含三個要點，但是如果順序顛倒，可以不扣分。例如有的同學(xué)一上來就表示抱歉，這是完全可以的。在列舉原因的時候，可以是一個，也可以是多個。

　　在試卷上的指令中，要求該文章不少于100詞，而評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上要求是100詞左右。最終確定該部分低于90詞要扣分。

　　該文章共分五個檔次，組長會議建議實際操作中將大部分分?jǐn)?shù)打在三檔(5-6分)和四檔(7-8分)。小作文應(yīng)注意把握總體評分的原則。

　　2005大作文評分指令

　　大作文一定要注意做到總體評分。大部分分?jǐn)?shù)應(yīng)打到10-15分，屬于三檔(9-12)和四檔(13-16)。標(biāo)題有無均不計分，因為指令對此沒有要求。如果跑題，嚴(yán)格扣分——這種情況是很少見的，就是學(xué)生對主題的把握完全錯誤，根本沒有談子女贍養(yǎng)父母的問題，而是談了足球或者健康等問題。

　　大作文字?jǐn)?shù)要求是160至200詞，低于160詞要扣分，具體做法是每少1~10詞扣一分，依此類推。字?jǐn)?shù)超出200詞不扣分。

　　實際批改過程中的體會

　　批改時按照總體印象評分，換句話說，憑的是感覺。評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中規(guī)定了內(nèi)容、結(jié)構(gòu)與語言諸方面，而實際批改是將包含上述各方面的諸多因素綜合考慮的結(jié)果。閱卷是一個動態(tài)過程，閱卷老師會先掛檔，再進(jìn)行微調(diào)。

　　在實際批改過程中，真實批改的速度越快，對內(nèi)容與結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)注程度就越低，而對語言的關(guān)注程度就越高。一般說來，只要滿足了內(nèi)容與結(jié)構(gòu)的最低要求，大部分的注意力都集中在了語言上面。這也就是說，考生應(yīng)圍繞正確的主題來談，而對思想的深度與創(chuàng)新性要求較少。結(jié)構(gòu)上應(yīng)包含各個要點，而出色的銜接與連貫肯定是加分點。由于時間緊，任務(wù)重，所以不大可能做到雙人批改或一個人看兩遍，只能做到少數(shù)文章抽檢,所以衡量考生水平的最重要尺度還是語言。

　　總的說來，從上海地區(qū)的閱卷情況看，大家的寫作水平有所提升，但是幅度并不明顯。雖然大組長會議建議將大多數(shù)分?jǐn)?shù)打在10至15分，可是真實操作中感覺平均分只有10分多一點點。

　　英語考試要人工批閱包括閱讀的C節(jié)，也就是翻譯以及兩篇作文。在實際操作的過程中，為了節(jié)省時間，每個大組通常將閱卷老師分為翻譯小組和作文小組，而某一位同學(xué)的小作文和大作文很可能是同一個人批閱的。那么，閱卷老師很可能在兩篇作文之間建立關(guān)聯(lián)，請大家切記。

　　小作文的批改比較輕松。由于篇幅短，信函的性質(zhì)與要點均非常清晰，所以寫作相對容易，最終得分為6分、5分和7分的非常多。

　　大作文的批改相對要難一些�？梢钥闯�，大部分同學(xué)對于圖畫作文還是比較熟悉的，都能嚴(yán)格按照提綱的三點來寫。只有個別同學(xué)主題把握不準(zhǔn)確，得到了極低的分?jǐn)?shù)。但由于語言的精彩程度普遍較低，閃光點較少，所以得高分的同學(xué)不多。

　　此次閱卷的一個很深的感受是，很多同學(xué)因為字?jǐn)?shù)不夠而被扣分�？佳械拇痤}卡2與四六級等考試的完全不同，是橫向雙面設(shè)計。我清楚地記得，2004年閱卷時，正反都是22行。正面翻譯每個三行，共五題，即十五行。下面還有七行，背面是22行。一般說來一行寫十個字，那么如果沒有題目的話，寫到背面中間正好18行，即約180字，這樣一目測就基本上知道是否應(yīng)該被扣分了。而當(dāng)時許多文章正面寫得很好，反過來一看，戛然而止，分?jǐn)?shù)就一下子扣掉了，很可惜。

　　2005年閱卷由于增加了小作文，大作文被安排在了背面，應(yīng)當(dāng)扣分的字?jǐn)?shù)也由180詞減少到160詞。實際上，我們強(qiáng)烈建議大作文寫到200詞左右，正好寫到將一頁基本占滿的感覺是最好的，字大小適中即可。

　　減少語言錯誤，提高語言準(zhǔn)確性很重要。另一方面就是增加閃光點，除了結(jié)構(gòu)清晰外，閃光點主要指好的詞、詞組或句型，一是使用恰當(dāng)，二是要有變換。如果文章分為三段，那么起始段、結(jié)尾段和中間段落的開始部分非常關(guān)鍵。背誦的好詞好句，一定要和具體的行文聯(lián)系起來，融入到文章中去，不僅要用對，還要用好，避免給人突兀的感覺。

　　除了文章內(nèi)在的因素之外，外界的因素對評分也有影響。干凈整潔、字跡漂亮的文章肯定會比同樣內(nèi)容的亂涂亂畫的文章得分要高。大家在平時寫作時就應(yīng)養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，將字寫清楚，寫整潔。

　　結(jié)語

　　綜上所述，對于作文這一部分，大家應(yīng)該首先了解不同文章的特點和規(guī)律，而后用心學(xué)習(xí)范文并進(jìn)行模仿，然后練習(xí)全文寫作并請老師批改再細(xì)細(xì)揣摩。通過這樣的努力，大家的寫作一定會有長足的進(jìn)步。

　　閱卷心得體會—2006年我于2006年2月第三次擔(dān)任了上海地區(qū)考研英語閱卷組組長，這里將此次的新體會寫下來與大家分享。

[NextPage]

　　2006年的作文題目如下：

　　Section III Writing

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.

　　Write your letter in no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)

　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Study the following photos carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1. describe the photos briefly,

　　2. interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them,3. give your point of view.

　　You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)

　　小作文

　　小作文是一封申請信(letter of request)，但是從題目上看，并不接近英美教科書中典型的應(yīng)用文，而是帶有中國特色的出題方式。大家一定要緊扣提綱，對情景有深入的理解和準(zhǔn)確的把握。提綱與2005年第一次出的小作文題目一樣，也是不采用分點羅列的方式，而是放在一起陳述，這與大作文是不同的。大作文絕大多數(shù)時候都會分點羅列。大家在行文中一定要注意涵蓋要點，同時也要做到表達(dá)流暢、語言準(zhǔn)確貼切。

　　請大家注意一個重要的細(xì)節(jié)，字不要寫得太大。2006年的答題紙二是雙面橫向設(shè)計的，正面為22行，上面十行是五道翻譯題，每題兩行，每道題前均有題號，從46一直到50。下面十二行寫小作文，前面有題號，為51。兩種題目之間留有間隔，這種新的設(shè)計很不錯。反面也是22行，所有行之間的間距相同。大家注意，這樣的格子對于想寫長文章的同學(xué)來說，是相當(dāng)有限制的。大家的字一定要寫得中等或偏小一點才能寫得下并看上去舒服。由于加頁是幾乎不可能的，所以大家在一開始寫的時候就要計劃好。

　　正面的左側(cè)約五分之一的地方自上而下分別是第二部分即閱讀理解C節(jié)、第三部分寫作A節(jié)及寫作B節(jié)評分的地方，所以去掉這個區(qū)域，留給小作文的地方就更小了。建議大家將Dear Mr. Johnson這樣的抬頭緊鄰著題號51寫，日期在右邊稍微抬高就可以了(上面說過這一行比較寬)。實際上不寫日期也不會扣分，不過一定不要將日期寫到信的最后去。信最后的落款要占兩行，有一行寫到十二行之外的頁下空白處是無傷大雅的，而且很可能是非常有必要的。相反，如果連十二行都未占滿，閱卷老師就有可能會考慮字?jǐn)?shù)是否夠。

　　由于教育部考試中心這次在下發(fā)《英語試題參考答案和評分參考》時并未象往年一樣下發(fā)作文樣卷，所以上海閱卷點的大組長們共同確定了十份樣卷，也就是小作文5、6、7、8分各一份，大作文11、12、13、14、15、16分各一份。這些都是在字?jǐn)?shù)符合要求的作文中挑選的。實際上絕大多數(shù)的小作文都取得了上面的分?jǐn)?shù)�？傮w感覺似乎比去年好一點，去年是6分最多，其次是5、7、8分，今年感覺7分與5分的數(shù)量差不多，有的學(xué)校甚至7分卷更多一點。而大作文還是普遍沒有大的改觀，16分非常少，16分以上的寥寥無幾，感覺總平均分僅比去年略高，但應(yīng)該還是不到11分�？梢钥闯�，上海老師對大家的要求是相當(dāng)嚴(yán)格的。許多老師都是多年閱卷的“行家”，對于文章的把握相當(dāng)準(zhǔn)確，對于分?jǐn)?shù)的判定也相當(dāng)敏銳。

　　今年閱卷有個感受，就是小作文的分?jǐn)?shù)拉不開，得高分的大多是寫得長的文章，把落款寫到下面。很長時間來我都在細(xì)細(xì)揣摩閱卷老師們的微妙的心理反應(yīng)與心理變化，對于這一點，我感覺很象國際象棋里的兵“觸底成后”。

　　在寫作小作文時，千萬不要信口開河，如有個學(xué)生說每年想給資助的孩子二百萬元，還有個學(xué)生自稱是professor。有些學(xué)生對題目理解有誤，這是不應(yīng)該的，比如有個學(xué)生講了一個具體的孩子的故事，說這個孩子很可憐，令人同情，所以要資助他。這道題是要求寫明自己想要捐助怎樣的孩子，這里要求寫作者的想法，還不知道具體的孩子的情況。

　　小作文也應(yīng)分段來寫，不要只寫成一段。

　　大作文

　　大作文不寫標(biāo)題不扣分，但是寫錯則會給閱卷老師留下不好的印象，這樣就得不償失了。請大家注意：最好不要反著寫大作文。答題紙二的背面寫大作文，看到上面的題號52，就不會搞反了。

　　大作文的字?jǐn)?shù)不夠肯定是要扣分的，今年的情況似乎更加嚴(yán)重。由于考研的答題卡設(shè)計較為緊湊，與四六級不同，所以寫得短被扣分的幅度要更大。如果以中等大小的字體寫滿全頁，當(dāng)然在正常分段，每段開頭均有空格的情況下，大概能寫240詞，而根據(jù)多年的寫作批改經(jīng)驗——不超過240詞，是絕對不會對閱卷老師產(chǎn)生“寫得太長”的感受的。當(dāng)然每個老師對長文章的感覺不盡相同，有的可能300詞才覺得長，但是240詞應(yīng)該是低端臨界值。

　　今年出現(xiàn)一個趨勢，就是大作文的字?jǐn)?shù)不夠被猛扣分。有些同學(xué)功底不錯，只是在考試時沒掌握好時間，但這種錯誤有時可能是致命的。題目的要求非常清楚，要求大家寫160至200詞。不寫到160詞肯定扣分，這是毫無疑問的。原則上是少1-10詞扣一分，但是字?jǐn)?shù)不足很可能漏點，即三點只寫兩點或者一點，這樣扣起來就厲害了。大家切記：參加寫作閱卷的老師中有不少都是自己非常喜愛寫作的人，越是這樣的老師對字?jǐn)?shù)少扣分扣得越狠。一般說來，不到16行肯定要扣分。另外，字寫得差或模糊也是如此。有的同學(xué)長時間以來有不良的寫作習(xí)慣。沒有批過作文的人可能永遠(yuǎn)也想象不到看快沒油的圓珠筆寫成的作文時那種痛苦的感受，或者看到寫一個詞點一個點的作文時那種幾近瘋狂的感覺。

　　許多大組現(xiàn)在都和我們大組一樣，自己分成兩個小組，一組改翻譯，一組改作文。所以小作文和大作文有可能由同一個老師改，但翻譯由另一個老師改。有的大組在閱卷時將小作文和大作文也分開來改，這樣更科學(xué)，但也需要更多時間。

　　在大作文中，切記千萬不要抄閱讀理解。今年發(fā)現(xiàn)有的同學(xué)將自己寫的部分與抄的閱讀部分間隔起來，閱卷老師給了3分。還有個同學(xué)前四段抄閱讀理解原文，最后寫了一句：Beckham is a English. I hate him.全文只有這一句與題目有關(guān)，后來根據(jù)輕易不判0分的傳統(tǒng)，勉強(qiáng)給了1分。

　　寫大作文時切記要扣緊主題，切不可離題太遠(yuǎn)，導(dǎo)致最后回不來或由于時間關(guān)系寫不完。另外，各部分之間的比例應(yīng)適當(dāng)，如第一段就不要太長。與主題相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞語要用對，如追星中的追求，可以用pursue，但不要把pursuit當(dāng)成動詞來用。

　　語言水平的提高決非易事，僅舉兩例。

[NextPage]

　　比如在最后下結(jié)論時，有的同學(xué)要表達(dá)“做自己”的概念，這里應(yīng)使用“Be yourself”，但不少同學(xué)用“Do yourself”，這就不對了。

　　又如：I think this men who persuit stars have no culture.這個同學(xué)可能要表達(dá)“我認(rèn)為這個追星的人沒文化”的概念，可改為：I believe that this person who adores stars is not educated.

　　更好的寫法是：Those people who are indulged in star worship, in my belief, are not independent individuals.

　　希望大家用心體會，多吸納范文中好的詞句，而后將它們有意識地用到自己的文章中，之后通過多次修正，必能獲得進(jìn)步。閱卷心得體會—2007年今年閱卷已是第九個年頭，上海的試卷比去年減少了2.9%，是多年來首次出現(xiàn)減少�，F(xiàn)將最新的感受記錄下來，與大家分享。

　　今年的作文題目如下：

　　Section Ⅲ Writing

　　Part A

　　51. Directions:

　　Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.

　　You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)

　　Part B

　　52. Directions:

　　Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

　　1) describe the drawing briefly,

　　2) explain its intended meaning, and then

　　3) support your view with an example/examples.

　　You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)小作文

　　小作文是一封建議信(letter of suggestion)，與大學(xué)生活扣得很緊，是大家熟悉的話題，比較容易把握。題目特點是指令中的描述非常簡單，只有一句話——寫信給校圖書館，提出改進(jìn)服務(wù)的建議。

　　小作文的分?jǐn)?shù)差距不大。大部分同學(xué)都做到了結(jié)構(gòu)完整、格式不出錯的基本要求。

　　大作文

　　大作文非常玄妙，值得細(xì)品。首先，很可能從今年開始大作文將經(jīng)歷由時事向哲理過渡的重大變革。其次，出題人將盡量用圖畫來表達(dá)意圖，而不借助或少借助圖中或圖旁的文字，這樣意義表達(dá)得會更深刻，對考生的思考力和判斷力的要求也就更高。第三，圖畫的含義深刻，可以接受的解釋也較多，但要想取得高分，必須緊扣圖畫，把握住其中的精髓。最后，題目要求中明確提出要舉例。這不是第一次，如2004年的大作文就曾提出要舉例(support your view with examples)。還記得當(dāng)年大家討論后認(rèn)為舉一個或多個例子均可，今年的指令首次出現(xiàn)了an example/examples，這一方面可見出題人的精心，另一方面也可看出如果我們用心，就能夠提前一步把握考研試題的發(fā)展方向。

　　今年判分更加嚴(yán)格了，這主要體現(xiàn)在大作文上。與主題無關(guān)的文章，如有些考生照抄閱讀理解，一律給0分。如果考生沒有理解圖畫的意思，扣分也非常厲害。比如有一個考生將漫畫看成了三幅圖，他描述道：一個小男孩在圖一中玩足球，一個胖男人在圖二中玩，一對老夫妻在圖三中玩。三幅圖的寓意是：每個人都應(yīng)當(dāng)鍛煉身體。還有一位考生寫道：可以看出一個人在射門，一只動物在守門——畫圖者提醒人們一定要愛護(hù)動物。有個考生寫道，一個人射門，三個人守門，引申到有的政府部門一定要提高效率。另有個考生寫道，一個強(qiáng)壯的人與一個弱小的人比賽，還讓強(qiáng)壯的人先踢，這樣的規(guī)則很不合理，由此引申到構(gòu)建和諧社會一定要有人人平等的法律與規(guī)則。實際上，寫成貧富差距、社會公平、生態(tài)平衡、自私問題或贍養(yǎng)老人問題的考生并不少。可能他們腦中已有了現(xiàn)成的文章，上了考場就往上硬套。有的考生雖然不算完全跑題，但也只能算是勉強(qiáng)有一點點聯(lián)系，比如有個考生就寫道：從圖中寫以看出，在任何時候腦中都應(yīng)保留危機(jī)意識，這種意識對個人與社會的發(fā)展都有利。雖然其后的論證比較清晰流暢，但最關(guān)鍵的卻缺失了——無法看出是怎么從圖畫推導(dǎo)出“危機(jī)意識”的。有的甚至將漫畫中的人看成了雞、鴨、猴等，很是令人失望。

　　至于模板，大家一定要理解清楚，根據(jù)不同的文章做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整，這樣才能取得良好的效果。這些年閱卷中常碰到一些文章，一看就知道背過我書里的范文——如果考生能吃透文章，并能根據(jù)具體問題做出適當(dāng)?shù)淖兓�，就能獲得滿意的分?jǐn)?shù);如果是死記硬背，不考慮當(dāng)前文章的實際，情況就不容樂觀了。總之不能硬套模板。

　　現(xiàn)在的閱卷老師越來越認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，投機(jī)心理不可取，況且有些老師比較激進(jìn)一點，對某些低級錯誤不會給多少分——出現(xiàn)一次可能還能容忍，一旦出現(xiàn)兩次就很麻煩。所以大家先要保證不出低級錯誤，然后再盡量增加閃光點。

　　今年的高分比去年少，16分以上的文章就更少見了。今年第一次提出了“14分以上謹(jǐn)慎”的指導(dǎo)原則，因此這次大作文的平均分可能會偏低。當(dāng)然這也與今年題目抽象度較高有關(guān)——雖然主題的界定比較寬，但要深入淺出，頗為不易。高速批改的閱卷者的心態(tài)變得更加微妙，可能變得更激進(jìn)，更易由較少甚至單獨的例證來作出判斷，所以大家應(yīng)該盡量減少無法容忍的錯誤。

　　今年答題卡的版式設(shè)計與去年完全一致，所以請大家好好看看我去年的心得。請大家最好將小作文寫滿12行，大作文至少寫16行，要得高分至少要寫18行。

　　其他一些具體的建議：態(tài)度要認(rèn)真，字要寫得盡量干凈整齊;把作文寫在規(guī)定的位置上，在兩篇作文中均不要以標(biāo)1、2、3的方式分點闡述，而是借助連接詞等手段;不要將關(guān)鍵詞寫錯，如有一個考生從題目到全篇都將confidence寫作了evidence，這就很可惜;最好使用水筆，忌用鉛筆，不宜用圓珠筆，使用鋼筆要避免墨跡;不要空行、隔行寫字，一定要按格子來寫;不會寫的詞應(yīng)該換個同義或近義詞，一定要避免空著或?qū)憹h語。

　　隨著這本小冊子的再版，同學(xué)們的電話、短信與郵件紛至沓來，有時在食堂吃工作餐也有沒教過的學(xué)生跑來請教——多是關(guān)于寫作的捷徑。今天我不想談寫作，而想談?wù)劥T士論文。寫出一篇碩士論文的最好辦法是從第一學(xué)期的課程中的某章某節(jié)最令你癡迷的一個微觀的小問題開始，不斷地搜集資料、閱讀、思考、記錄下心得……之后你就走上了奇妙的旅程，你不會覺得辛苦，也不會再對寫作感到手足無措。歡迎大家與我交流，祝大家成功!