Text 1
China has been through a wrenching series of changes and experiments. (1) It is not for me, or for others in America, to tell China what its economic system should be. What works best for China will be a system rooted in China itself-in Chinese customs and traditions and ways of doing things. (2) The proof of any system lies in its results: in the extent to which it provides for the people more of what those people want. What the people of China want will not be in all respects the same as what the people of the United States would want. But in some respects it will be the same. The bottom lines test of any economic system is whether it works. (3) An economic system that works is one that creates incentives to produce, and provides a fair distribution of what is produced. What incentives will work, what distribution is seen to be “fair”---these are questions that different cultures may answer differently, and that even the same culture may answer differently in different periods of history or at different stages of its development.
Among the great nations, the United States’ economic system is the most successful in history in producing prosperity. The Chinese system is the most successful in history in producing equality. (4)The challenge we both face is to avoid forcing people to make a hard choice between a system at one extreme which provides equality but would perpetuate poverty and one at the other extreme which provides prosperity but would ignore poverty. Poverty is too high a price to pay for either equality or prosperity. China’s challenge is to support the principle of equality without destroying the productivity of the people. America’s challenge is to provide prosperity which gives all an opportunity to escape from poverty. (5) Our systems are profoundly different, but in long view our goal of a better life for all our people is the same.
——選自《2008年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀完型翻譯全突破》
參考譯文
1. 不論是我還是其他美國(guó)人都不便說中國(guó)應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行什么樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度。
2. 檢驗(yàn)任何制度的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在于它的成效，在于他能在多大程度上向人民更多地提供他們所需要的東西。
3. 一個(gè)行之有效的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度能刺激生產(chǎn)的積極性，能公平的分配產(chǎn)品。
4. 我們兩國(guó)面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)是避免強(qiáng)迫人民在兩個(gè)極端之間做出困難的選擇：一種制度實(shí)現(xiàn)了平等，但會(huì)使貧窮長(zhǎng)期繼續(xù)下去;另一種制度帶來(lái)了繁榮，卻會(huì)無(wú)視貧困。
5.我們兩國(guó)的制度有著深刻的差別，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，我們?yōu)楸緡?guó)全體人民謀求更好生活的目標(biāo)則是一致的。
Text 2
There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. (1) Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships. Technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the findings of science.
Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. Progress in science excludes the human factor. (2) Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth with the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people’s likes or dislikes, or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people---as did Darvin’s theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the option of refusing to believe it! (3) But hardly so with technology; we do not have the option of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air. (4) The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people---people in general, not merely some people; and future generation, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves.
We are all familiar with the abuses of technology. (5) Many people blame technology itself for widespread pollution, and even social decay---so much so that the promise of technology is obscured. That promise is a cleaner and healthier world. If wise applications of science and technology do not lead to a better world, what else will?
——選自《考研英語(yǔ)第一時(shí)間——翻譯與寫作雙向突破》
參考譯文
1. 科學(xué)關(guān)注的是發(fā)現(xiàn)事實(shí)，找出自然界可觀察的各種現(xiàn)象之間的關(guān)系，并建立起一些理論，將這些事實(shí)與關(guān)系組織起來(lái)。
2. 科學(xué)家在試圖最精確、最可靠的理解宇宙、了解真相時(shí)，不能夠顧及他們本人或他人的好惡以及關(guān)于事物合理性的普遍看法。
3. 不過，技術(shù)就不同了。我們無(wú)法不去聽在頭頂掠過的超音速飛機(jī)發(fā)出的轟鳴，也無(wú)法拒絕呼吸被污染了的空氣。
4. 技術(shù)的正當(dāng)目的就是服務(wù)于人——是服務(wù)于所有人，而不僅僅是某些人;是服務(wù)于未來(lái)一代又一代的人，而不僅僅是那些希望馬上從中獲益的人。
5. 許多人責(zé)怪技術(shù)是因?yàn)樗鹆舜笠?guī)模的污染，甚至社會(huì)腐敗;人們對(duì)技術(shù)的指責(zé)如此之多，以至于科技發(fā)展的前景也模糊不清了。
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