4. It's never too early or too late for a parent to become a teacher. In this age of teacher accountability, endless school testing, increased pressure and competition, and the proliferation of "educational" toys, too many people forget that success begins at home.

　　Freeman A. Hrabowski Ⅲ, president of the University of Maryland, Baltimore County, and co-author of Beating the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Males and Overcoming the Odds: Raising Academically Successful African American Young Women, says that in the interviews he and his co-authors conducted, the overwhelming factor in their children's academic achievement was that parents inspired and envisioned their children's success. They thought and talked about what would be required to have a .successful child.

　　It just makes such a difference when there's someone in that house working to relate to that child and inspire that child," Hrabowski says. "These parents (of the high achievers discussed) are really inspirational in their commitment to their children."

　　Professor Barbara T. Bowman, one of the faculty founders of Chicago's Erikson Institute, an independent institution of higher education that prepares child development professionals for leader- ship, says that Black children must learn in two different cultures-the African-American culture in which they live and the mainstream culture on which school and education are based.

　　Bowman also says the relationship between children and their parents is critical. "It is the early responsiveness of the caregiver to the infant's behavior that creates a sense of well-being and optimism that affects the child's interest in learning," says Bowman, who served as president of the institute from 1994 to last year. "Children who like and want to please the adult learn better what the adult wants them to learn."

　　In this day of highly competitive testing and the stress of getting high SAT or ACT scores, it's important also to avoid pressuring or overexposing your child. Your son or daughter is probably already facing stress at school and on the playground. Your role is to help him or her relieve and manage that stress. Help them to understand that life does not end or begin with a test. And while academic success is important, it's also important to keep everything in perspective. Failure is a relative term in the grand scheme of things. If your child did poorly on a test, but answered a particularly tough question correctly, stress the positive. On the other hand, if schoolwork comes too easily to your child, find other ways to challenge him or her so they understand that life won't always be that way.

　　1). According to the author, the parents of high achievers are usually ______.

　　A. successful themselves

　　B. teachers

　　C. inspirational

　　D. working hard

　　正確答案： C

　　答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)題;本題的關(guān)鍵定位詞是the high achievers，在原文的第二段我們可以找到相關(guān)信息，而閱讀原文相關(guān)內(nèi)容，我們可以找到“These parents(of the high achievers discussed) are really inspirational”這樣的描述，也就是說C選項(xiàng)是正確選項(xiàng)。誤選B選項(xiàng)的考生可能是對文章第一句話的理解出現(xiàn)了偏差。其實(shí)，結(jié)合全文來看，文章是在講述家庭教育對于孩子在學(xué)術(shù)上取得成功的重大作用，所以文章第一句話所說的teacher其實(shí)是在強(qiáng)調(diào)家庭教育的重要作用，并不是說真的需要父母去做老師才能培養(yǎng)出成功的孩子。而A選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)則在原文中找不到相應(yīng)的信息，屬于比較容易排除的干擾選項(xiàng)。

　　2). It can be inferred from the passage that the African-American culture is ______.

　　A. an important part of the mainstream culture

　　B. the base of the mainstream culture

　　C. different in many ways from the mainstream culture

　　D. dependant on the mainstream culture

　　正確答案： C

　　答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)題;題目中的關(guān)鍵定位詞是African-American culture，借助這個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞我們可以在原文的第三段找到相關(guān)的信息。原文對于非裔美國人的文化和美國社會(huì)的主流文化使用了“two different cultures”這樣的表達(dá)來定位。所以結(jié)合4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，C選項(xiàng)的表述符合原文的意思。A、B和D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都把兩者看作一種依賴關(guān)系，誤選的考生很有可能是對原文中“the mainstream culture on which school and education are based”這句話的理解不夠準(zhǔn)確。提醒這些考生在備考的過程中要注意多分析真題和模擬題中的長難句，提高自己理解的準(zhǔn)確度。

　　3). Whether a child is interested in learning depends on ______.

　　A. the content the adult wants the children to learn

　　B. how pleased the parents are when the children are learning

　　C. the feedback the parents give to children at an early age

　　D. the physical health of the children

　　正確答案： C

　　答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)題;題目中的關(guān)鍵定位詞是interested in learning，在原文中我們可以定位到原文的第四段。通過對原文的相關(guān)信息“It is the early responsiveness of the caregiver to the infant's behavior that creates a sense of well-being and optimism that affects the child's interest in learning”的分析，我們知道我們需要的答案就是這個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分，也就是responsiveness這個(gè)核心詞，即父母在孩子早期對于孩子的行為所給予的反饋。在4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，C選項(xiàng)所表述的feedback和原文的信息是一致的，是我們需要的正確答案。A選項(xiàng)來自原文第四段的最后一句話，B選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)是對原文中的“please”和“well-being”兩個(gè)詞的曲解。

　　4). The suggestion given in the last paragraph is ______.

　　A. to emphasize the importance of success for children

　　B. to avoid pressuring the children too much

　　C. to challenge the children as much as possible

　　D. to use the positive effect of pressure

　　正確答案： B

　　答案解析：段落主旨題;題目明確指向最后一段，要求我們對最后一段給出的建議進(jìn)行歸納。在段落的第一句話就出現(xiàn)了對于建議的歸納，“avoid pressuring or overexposing your child”就是這個(gè)段落圍繞的中心。誤選B選項(xiàng)的考生對于“while academic success is important，it's also important to…”這樣的表達(dá)的誤解，這樣的讓步從句要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容在后面，而不是while所帶的部分。C選項(xiàng)把原文的“if schoolwork comes too easily to your child, find other ways to challenge him or her”這樣的意思擴(kuò)大了范圍，選項(xiàng)中“as much as possible”的表述是不準(zhǔn)確的。D選項(xiàng)對于原文“stress the positive”所表達(dá)的“要強(qiáng)調(diào)積極的一面”這樣的含義進(jìn)行了曲解。

　　5). Which one of the following is the best title for the passage?

　　A. How to raise a high-achieving child

　　B. Successful students whose parents are teachers

　　C. Key factors for children's success

　　D. Motivation and challenge: what do children need most?

　　正確答案： A

　　答案解析：標(biāo)題題，主旨題的一種變形的呈現(xiàn)方式;結(jié)合我們對文章的理解和前面4個(gè)問題的解答，我們已經(jīng)基本可以確定，這篇文章主要討論的是家庭教育對于孩子成功的影響及其重要作用。比較閱讀4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，我們可以看到，A選項(xiàng)和原文的主旨是最貼切的，也就是我們需要的最佳標(biāo)題。B選項(xiàng)的錯(cuò)誤和第一個(gè)題目中一樣是對原文第一句話的誤解，同時(shí)也偏離了文章中心。C選項(xiàng)過于寬泛，這篇文章只是集中關(guān)注在促進(jìn)孩子成功的因素構(gòu)成中，家庭教育的重要作用，而C選項(xiàng)的key factors這樣的表達(dá)對于文章來說是一種“大帽子，小身子”的標(biāo)題，需要排除。D選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)對應(yīng)屬于對于“大身子”的文章主體給出的“小帽子”的標(biāo)題，也是需要排除的。

　　三、新題型

　　1. Animation is a kind of motion pictures created by recording a series of still images-of drawings, objects, or people in various positions of incremental movement-that when played back no longer appear individually as static images but combine to produce the illusion of unbroken motion. The term animation applies to creations on film, video, or computers, and even to motion toys, which usually consist of a series of drawings or photographs on paper that are viewed with a mechanical device or by flipping through a hand�瞙eld sequence of images.

　　(41) Techniques

　　There are many ways to create animation, depending on whether the materials used are flat (such as drawings, paintings, or cut-out pieces of paper) or dimensional (such as clay, puppets, household objects, or even people).

　　(42) Production process

　　After choosing an idea for a film, an animator must think about a concept in terms of individual actions.

　　(43) History

　　Animation has been a part of cinema history from the time the first motion pictures were made in the late 1800s.

　　(44) Walt Disney

　　The company's founder, Walt Disney, was born in Chicago, but grew up in Kansas City, Missouri, where he met animator Ub Iwerks and composer Carl Stalling, who were to be important to his future success.

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