Most people would be (1) by the high quality of medicine available (2) to most Americans. There is a lot of specialization, a great deal of (3) to the individual, a (4) amount of advanced technical equipment, and (5) effort not to make mistakes because of the financial risk which doctors and hospitals must (2) in the courts if they (7) things badly.
But the Americans are in a mess. The problem is the way in (8) health care is organized and (9). (10) to public belief it is not just a free competition system. To the private system has been joined a large public system, because private care was simply not (11) the less fortunate and the elderly.
But even with this huge public part of the system, (12) this year will eat up 84.5 billion dollars——more than 10 per cent of the U.S. Budget—large numbers of Americans are left (13). These include about half the 11 million unemployed and those who fail to meet the strict limits (14) income fixed by a government trying to make savings where in can.
The basic problem, however, is that there is no central control (15) the health system. There is no (16) to what doctors and hospitals charge for their services, other than what the public is able to pay. The number of doctors has shot up and prices have climbed. When faced with toothache, a sick child, or a heart attack, all the unfortunate person concerned can do is (17) up.
Twothirds of the population (18) covered by medical insurance. Doctors charge as much as they want (19) that the insurance company will pay the bill.
The rising cost of medicine in the U.S.A. is among the most worrying problems facing the country. In 1981 the country’s health bill climbed 15.9 per cent——about twice as fast as prices (20) general.
1. [A] compressed [B] impressed [C] obsessed [D]. repressed
2. [A] available [B] attainable [C] achievable [D]. amenable
3. [A] extension [B] retention [C] attention [D]. exertion
4. [A] countless [B] titanic [C] broad [D] vast
5. [A] intensive [B] absorbed [C] intense [D] concentrated
6. [A] run into [B] come into [C] face [D] defy
7. [A] treat [B] deal [C] maneuver [D] handle
8. [A] which [B] that [C] what [D] when
9. [A] to finance [B] financed [C] the finance [D] to be financed
10. [A] Contrary [B] Opposed [C] Averse [D] Objected
11. [A] looking for[B] looking into [C] looking after [D] looking over
12. [A] which [B] what [C] that [D] it
13. [A] over [B] out [C] off [D] away
14. [A] for [B] in [C] with [D] on
15. [A] over [B] on [C] under [D] behind
16. [A] boundary [B] restriction [C] confinement [D] limit
17. [A] to pay [B] paying [C] pay [D] to have paid
18. [A] is being [B] are [C] have been [D] is
19. [A] knowing [B] to know [C] they know [D] known
20. [A] in [B] with [C] on [D] for
答案與解析
1. [B]解析：詞義辨析題。各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思和辨析如下：
compress 擠壓;壓縮。壓縮機(jī)就是compressor。近義詞squeeze。
impress 影響;給某人以深刻印象。名詞impression印象。形容詞impressive給人深刻印象的，感人的，出色的。
obsess迷住，使困擾。例如He was obsessed with the idea. 她一心想著那個(gè)念頭。
repress 壓制(感情等);鎮(zhèn)壓。
2. [A]解析：Something is available to someone：某人可以享受到……
例如：
Free education is available to all taxpayers.
所有納稅人都可以享受到免費(fèi)教育。
available 可以獲得的。現(xiàn)成的。
attainable 雖然和available意思相近，但是沒有“現(xiàn)成的”之意。包含“需要努力才能得到的”意思。
achievable 的用法和attainable相近。也包含“需努力才能得到”的意思。
amenable 有責(zé)任的，需要負(fù)責(zé)的。應(yīng)該服從的，有服從義務(wù)的。
例如，citizens amenable to the law，應(yīng)該遵紀(jì)守法的公民。He was amenable to spending more time at home.他愿意在家多呆些時(shí)間。
3. [C]解析：extension 延長，延續(xù);推遲。
retention保留，保持，保持物
attention注意, 關(guān)心, 關(guān)注, 注意力
exertion 盡力, 努力, 發(fā)揮, 行使, 運(yùn)用
4. [D]Vast amount of：大量的。
countless無數(shù)的。通常用于可數(shù)名詞。近義詞myriad, many。
titanic 巨大的。常形容體積。近義詞colossal
broad寬的，寬廣的
vast的用途比較廣泛�？梢杂脕硇稳蒹w積，數(shù)量，程度，及強(qiáng)度。 近義詞enormous。比如：vast amounts of investment巨額的投資
5. [C]解析：intensive強(qiáng)烈的, 精深的, 透徹的。
Absorbed全神貫注的，一心一意的。
intense強(qiáng)烈的, 劇烈的, 熱切的, 熱情的, 激烈的
例如，the excitement was intense非常激動(dòng)intense pain劇烈的疼痛;intense colors，鮮明的顏色;intense effort巨大的努力;an intense student刻苦的學(xué)生
concentrated集中的，濃縮的。
6. [C]解析：Must后面用動(dòng)詞原形。To face = to be faced with：面對。
7. [D]解析：Handle = to deal with：處理。Treat: 給……治病，對待。Maneuver：有策略、有手腕地對待、處理。
8. [A]解析：Which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾the way。這里in which完全可以省略掉，變成：the way health care is organized…再比如：the way he treated his wife：他對待他妻子的方式 = the way in which he treated his wife。
9. [B]解析：Finance在這里是動(dòng)詞。和organize是并列關(guān)系，用其過去分詞。
10. [A]解析：Contrary to…和……相反。
Opposed to 和……反對，敵對，作對。
Averse (常與to連用)嫌惡的
I am not averse to a dance party and a good meal after a week’s hard work.
我不反對一周緊張的工作后舉辦一次舞會(huì),再美餐一頓。
The minister is averse to flattery.
部長不喜歡聽恭維話。
Object 不及物動(dòng)詞。反對(某人或某事)。例如：
I object to all this noise.
我反對一切噪音。
However, others strongly object to developing private cars.
然而,另有一些人強(qiáng)烈反對發(fā)展私人小汽車。
He stood up and objected in strong language.
他站起來用強(qiáng)烈的語言表示反對。
11. [C]解析：looking for 尋找
looking into 調(diào)查
looking after 照顧;照看
looking over 檢查，察看
12. [A]解析：Which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限定性定語從句，修飾名詞this huge public part of the system。非限定性定語從句不能用that修飾。
13. [B]解析：To leave someone/something out：省略，忽略，不考慮。
The entire Chapter II was left out in the second edition.
再版的時(shí)候整個(gè)的第二章都被刪掉了。
To leave over：留下，剩下。
questions left over by history歷史遺留下來的問題
14. [D]解析：There’s no limit on…：……是沒有限度的。
There’s no limit on the potential of the human brain.
人大腦的潛力是無限的。
15. [A]解析：和control搭配的介詞是over。
16. [D]解析：boundary界線;邊界。例如，the boundaries of the country ，國界。界限;范圍。例如：the boundaries of knowledge 知識范圍。
Restriction限制。例如：restrictions for hunters對獵人實(shí)施的限制。a restriction against smoking in schools 禁止在學(xué)校吸煙 。
confinement (被)限制, (被)禁閉, 產(chǎn)期, 分娩。近義詞imprisonment
limit, restrict, confine這三個(gè)動(dòng)詞的一般含義為“限制”或“局限”。
limit 指時(shí)、空、程度、量等方面的“限定”，其內(nèi)涵是如果超出了這種限度就會(huì)受罰或遭到令人不快的后果;此外，這個(gè)詞也常用來表示“局限” This driver received a ticket because he failed to limit his speed while driving in heavy traffic.
那位司機(jī)收到了一個(gè)違章通知單，因?yàn)樗谲囕v多的地方?jīng)]能限制開車速度。
I limited myself to two modest ambitions. to do physical exercises every morning and to read more of an evening.
我把自己的決心限制于兩項(xiàng)小小的抱負(fù)：即每天早晨做體操，常在晚上多讀一點(diǎn)書。
He seems to have only a limited intelligence.
似乎他的智力有限。 We must limit our expense to what we can afford.
我們必須不使開支超出我們的支付能力
restrict 區(qū)別于limit 的地方在于，restrict“限制”的是范圍，而limit 側(cè)重于表示“限制”到某個(gè)點(diǎn)
In democratic countries any efforts to restrict the freedom of the Press are rightly condemned.
在民主的國家里，限制新聞自由的任何努力都要受到公正的遣責(zé)。
The trees restrict our view.
這些樹局限了我們的視野。
confine 具有 limit 和 restrict 兩者的含義，但 confine 的內(nèi)涵是“約束”或“束縛”
He is confined to the house by illness.
他因病閉門不出。
The professor confined his remarks to scientific management.
那位教授把自己的講話局限在科學(xué)管理方面。
limit 亦為名詞。如：Didn’t you see the speed limit? confine 亦可用作名詞
It did not, however, remain within the confines of his estate.
然而，這種疾病并未被局限在他的莊園范圍之內(nèi)。
17. [C]解析：省略to的不定式作表語。
As I had created the embarrassing situation, I knew the kindest thing I could do was walk away.
因?yàn)槭俏以斐闪四莻�(gè)尷尬的局面，我知道我所能做的最好的事就是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)走開。
18. [B]解析：主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。另外因?yàn)槭且话闶聦?shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
19. [A]解析：knowing that…現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。
20. [A]解析：in general：總的來說。
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2013 年6月大學(xué)英語四級(CET-4)高頻詞匯匯總
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