小對(duì)話
一、基本介紹 對(duì)話主要涉及人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械脑掝}。對(duì)話中的句子結(jié)構(gòu)、成分、主題一般都非常簡單。一般來說每個(gè)對(duì)話的字?jǐn)?shù)在40 - 50之間。語速基本穩(wěn)定在每分鐘150 - 160個(gè)單詞。問題一般都是特殊疑問句，常見的疑問句開頭單詞：what, when, where, who, why, how。
二、小對(duì)話的分類 小對(duì)話常見的十種題型 1、數(shù)字價(jià)格計(jì)算題 2、時(shí)間加減運(yùn)算題 3、對(duì)話場景題 4、人物職業(yè)、身份、關(guān)系題 5、人物意圖題 6、態(tài)度評(píng)價(jià)題 7、動(dòng)作行為題 8、因果關(guān)系題 9、推斷題(言外之意) 10、意義解釋題
1、數(shù)字價(jià)格計(jì)算題
注意： 1. 十幾、幾十的讀音 2. 分?jǐn)?shù)的說法 3. 小數(shù)的說法 4. 大數(shù)字的說法 5. 錢的問題 (1)打折 discount, discount rate, on sale, 50% off, clearance (2)北美貨幣體系單位 cent, nickel, dime, quarter, fifty cents, dollar, buck
M: How much are the tickets? W: They are ten dollars each for the general public, but student tickets are half price. Q: How much will the man pay for the two general tickets and two student tickets?
M: I'd like to buy these four thanksgiving cards. Are they ten cents each? W: Three of them are, but the smaller one is only a nickel. Q: How much would the cards all together?
2、時(shí)間加減運(yùn)算題
注意： 1、超前 earlier, ahead of time, in advance 2、準(zhǔn)時(shí) be on time, be on schedule 3、推遲 behind schedule, late, delay, put off, postpone
M: I'm sorry, Madam, the plane is somewhat behind the schedule. Take a seat. I'll inform you as soon as we know something definite.
W: Thank you. I'd rather look around and I'll be back in several minutes.
Q: What can be concluded about the plane?
1997年6月
1. W: Good morning, I'm here to see Mr. Addison.
M: Mr. Addison went to Washington last Monday for a conference, and will be back on
Thursday night. If you like, you may come again on Friday morning. Q: When will Mr. Addison return?
3、對(duì)話場景題
兩大類場景：campus life(校園生活);daily life(日常生活) 1. campus life(校園生活) (1)上課、選課、聽講座、聽報(bào)告 (2)作業(yè) (3)考試 (4)圖書館 2. daily life(日常生活) (1)餐館 (2)醫(yī)院 (3)銀行 (4)郵局 (5)旅游 (6)打工 (7)機(jī)場、車站 (8)賓館 (9)電話 (10)購物
4、人物職業(yè)、身份、關(guān)系題
1995年6月 8. A) Customer and salesman B) Colleagues C) Employee and boss D) Classmates
W: Hi, Jack, I just came back yesterday. Anything new while I was away? M: Congratulations, Susan! It's said you will be promoted to manager and become my immediate
boss. Q: What's most probably the relationship between the two speakers at the moment?
1994年1月 6. A) Customer and salesperson. B) Teacher and student. C) Boss and secretary. D) Guest and waitress.
M: Please make 20 copies of this and deliver them to the chief executive and heads of departments. W: Certainly, sir. They will find it on their desks tomorrow morning. Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
1995年1月 3. A) A teacher. B) A psychologist. C) A librarian. D) A publisher.
W: I'm looking for textbook for my Psychology course. It's called "Introduction to Educational
Psychology". Do you have it? M: Yes, we do. You'll find it in Section 24 on the top shelf. Q: What's the man's occupation?
2000年6月 7. A) At a book store. B) At an art museum. C) At a newspaper office. D) At a gymnasium.
M: Mary is in charge of the art and music section; and Charles, the sports page. What about you? W: I'm responsible for the editorials. Q: Where does the woman work?
2001年1月
7. A) an auto mechanic.
B) An electrician
C) A carpenter.
D) A telephone repairman.
W: This is Mrs. Starched, my heater is not getting any power and weatherman says the temperature is to fall below zero tonight. Could you get someone to come over and fix it?
M: This is the busiest time of the year, but I'll speak to one of our men about going over some time today.
Q: Who did Mrs. Starched want to come over?
5、人物意圖題
題型特征： 第一個(gè)人經(jīng)常提出一個(gè)請(qǐng)求、建議或意見等等，第二個(gè)人說的話一般以but為標(biāo)志的句子來說出自己的意見。常見的提問方式：What do you learn from the conversation? 解決思路：關(guān)鍵要聽懂第二個(gè)人but后面的話，but后面就是正確答案。
1994年1月
4. A) The apartment is better furnished. B) She prefers to live in a quiet place. C) It's less expensive to live in an apartment. D) She finds her roommates difficult to get along with. M: I hear you are moving to an apartment. Can you tell me why? W: Actually, I didn't want to move. It would be more expensive to live outside the college. But I just can't bear the noise made by the people living next door. Q: Why does the woman want to move?
1996年1月
10. W: The strike of the porters has hold up export orders for two weeks. Do you think it will end soon? W: So far as I know, the management side has made an improved pay offer but the unions are just holding out for the original demands. Q: What does the man think of the strike?
1998年1月
2. A) She is going to Finland. B) She has visitors next week. C) She has guests at her home. D) She has just visited him this week.
M: Why don't you come to our house for dinner some time next week? W: I'd like to, but we have visitors from Finland, perhaps next week. Q: Why can't the woman accept the man's invitation?
1999年1月
3. A) He read the cabinet report. B) He read the newspaper. C) He listened to a radio report. D) He's secretary telephoned him.
W: Mr. Johnson, have you heard the morning news report? Mill has resigned his post as Prime Minister. M: I didn't turn on the radio this morning, but I did see the headlines. If you remember, he threatened to leave the office at the last cabinet meeting. Q: How did Mr. Johnson learn that the Prime Minister has resigned?
1999年6月
3. A) She can't receive any calls. B) She can't make any calls. C) She can do nothing with the phone. D) She can't repair the phone.
M: Can I help you, Ms? W: Yes, I bought this telephone last week, and it works all right with out-going calls, but it doesn't ring for the incoming ones. Q: What's the problem with the woman's telephone?
2001年1月
6. A) His English is still poor after ten years in America.
B) He doesn't mind speaking English with an accent.
C) He doesn't like the way Americans speak.
D) He speaks English as if he were a native speaker. M: Did you know this: after almost ten years in the United States, with such a strong accent. W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says it is a part of his identity. Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Li? Li still speaks English.
2002年1月
1. A) All the passengers were killed. B) The plane crashed in the night. C) No more survivors have been found. D) It's too late to search for survivors. W: Is the rescue crew still looking for survivors of the plane crash? M: Yes, they have been searching the area for hours, but they haven't found anybody else. They will keep searching until night falls. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
6、態(tài)度評(píng)價(jià)題
選項(xiàng)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的態(tài)度類形容詞或副詞： Oh my God!, happy, worried, panic, luckily, fortunately, unfortunately, impatient, curious, anxious, ridiculous, hopeless. 問題： What does the speaker think of sth.? What's the speaker's idea / attitude / opinion about ...?/ response to ...?
1997年1月
9. A) He is curious. B) He is impatient. C) He is exhausted. D) He is satisfied. M: This is ridiculous! I've been waiting for my meal for more than half an hour. W: I know. But you see, the restaurant is full and we are short-handed today. Q: How does the man feel?
1996年1月
5. A) She's scornful. B) She's angry. C) She's sympathetic. D) She's worried.
M: I forgot all about the two o'clock meeting. Tom's going to kill me. W: Oh, God! I can see why you are upset. You can really be annoying when something important slips in your mind. Q: What's the woman's attitude towards the man's forgetfulness?
1995年6月
1. A) Enjoyable. B) Inspiring. C) Moving. D) Dull. M: I have never seen such an interesting show. I hope you enjoyed it as much as I did. W: I must admit that I felt sleepy during the two hours. Q: How did the woman feel about the show?
1997年1月
4. A) He feels unsympathetic. B) He feels it's a pity. C) He feels it's unfair. D) He feels glad. W: By the way, did you hear that Jack failed the mid-term English exam? It's too bad because it'll disqualify him for next year's scholarship. M: He deserved it.He's never really studied since last semester. Q: How does the man feel about Jack's failing the exam?
1997年6月
5. A) She has confidence in him. B) She has also won a scholarship. C) She is surprised at the news. D) She is not interested in the news.
M: Susan, have you read the notice on the bulletin board? I've won the scholarship for the next semester. W: I know you would. You certainly deserve it. Q: What does the woman mean?
1998年1月
6. A) He is surprised. B) He feels very happy. C) He is indifferent. D) He feels very angry. W: Billy, have you heard the latest news? It appears that we won't be laid off after all. M: Oh, somewhat I'm tired of working here anyway. Q: What's the man's reaction to the news the woman told him?
1999年1月
5. A) He is confident. B) He is worried. C) He is bored. D) He is angry.
W: How did your interview go? M: I couldn't feel better about it. The questions were very fair and I seemed to find answers for all of them. Q: How does the man feel about the interview?
2002年1月
2. A) Its results were just as expected. B) It wasn't very well designed. C) It fully reflected the students' ability. D) Its results fell short of her expectations.
M: How many students passed the final physics exam in your class? W: Forty, but still as many as 20 percent of the class failed, quite disappointing, isn't it? Q: What does the woman think of the exam?
7、動(dòng)作行為題
題型特點(diǎn)： 通過兩個(gè)人的對(duì)話，判斷他們要干什么或正在做什么。 問題：What's the speaker doing now? What's the speaker going to do? What does the speaker think sb. should do? 注意：著重聽出動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序，還有動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。
2001年1月
3. A) Write the letter. B) Paint the shelf. C) Fix the shelf. D) Look for the pen. M: I can't find my pen. I need to write a letter. W: I'll look for it later. Right now I need you to help fix the shelf before paint it. Q: What would they do first?
1996年6月
1. A) To change the tennis shoes in the sportswear department. B) To help his friend find the right department. C) To find his lost shoes on the tennis court. D) To buy himself a pair of tennis shoes. M: Could you please tell me where I can find tennis shoes? W: Yes. You can get them in the sportswear department on the right side of the store. Q: What does the man want to do?
1997年1月 2. A) Ask Dr. Smith to alter his decision. B) Ask Dr. Smith to call the library. C) Get the book directly from Dr. Smith. D) Get Dr. Smith's written permission. M: May I take this book out? I need it work on my paper for Dr. Smith's history class. W: I'm afraid not. The book has been put on reserve by Dr. Smith. Unless you have his written permission, we won't lend it out. Q: What should the man do to borrow the book?
1997年6月
2. A) Try to help him find rooms in another hotel. B) Check to see if there are any vacancies in her hotel. C) Let him move to a room with two single beds. D) Show him the way to Imperial Hotel.
M: I wonder whether it would be possible to change this double room to two single rooms. W: Sorry, Sir. All the single rooms are occupied. But if you like, I can check with Imperial Hotel to see if they have any. Q: What's the women going to do for the man?
1999年1月
4. A) Hurry to the conference. B) Skip the conference. C) Take the subway. D) Take a bus. M: If you are in a hurry, you can take the subway. But if you want to go sightseeing, you can take a bus. W: Actually, I don't have to be at the conference before noon. Q: What will the woman probably do?
1999年6月
2. A) Singing loudly. B) Listening to music. C) Studying. D) Talking on the phone. W: Hey! If you can't enjoy that at a sensible volume, please use earphones. I'm trying study. M: Oh! I'm sorry. I didn't realize it was bothering you. Q: What is the man probably doing?
2000年6月
1. A) Buy some traveller's checks. B) Borrow some money from a friend. C) Check the brakes and tires. D) Spend some time travelling. M: Have you had the brakes and tires checked? And do you have enough money? W: I've taken care of everything and I'm sure it's going to be a wonderful trip. Q: What is the woman going to do?
2003年1月
10. A) Selecting the best candidate. B) Choosing a campaign manager. C) Trying to persuade the woman to vote for him. D) Running for chairman of the student union. M: You are my campaign manager. What do you think we should do to win the election? I'm convinced I'm the best candidate for the chairman of the student union. W: We won't be able to win unless we get the majority votes from the women students. Q: What is the man doing?
8、因果關(guān)系題
常見的因果關(guān)系的表達(dá)： since, for, as, because (of), due to, so that therefore, thus, as a result, hence, in that, now that, but that 解題思路：要深入理解說話人的含義
1995年1月
9. A) He doesn't write well enough. B) He is not a professional writer. C) He hasn't got any professional experience. D) He didn't perform well in the interview.
W: How was the job interview? I think you'll make a good journalist. I remember you as the best writer of the class. M: Well, in fact, my application was turned down. They were looking for people with experience in the profession. Q: Why didn't the man get the job?
1995年6月
9. A) The first house they saw is too expensive.
B) They may save some money for the time being.
C) She is happy with the price set by the seller.
D) Less money will be spent in maintaining the house.
M: Of the two houses we have seen, which one do you think fits our needs better, the first one or the second one?
W: The second one. It seems very expensive. But in the long run, it will save us the money on the maintenance.
Q: What does the woman say about the reason for her choice?
1997年1月
10. A) She didn't know how to use the new oven.
B) She wanted her refrigerator to be fixed.
C) There is something wrong with the oven.
D) There is something wrong with the food.
M: Yes, Mrs. Smith. What can I do for you? Is it the refrigerator again?
W: No, it is the oven this time. I think something is wrong with the temperature control. Whatever I try to cook gets burned.
Q: Why does the woman call the man?
1997年6月
6. A) His only son is dying .
B) His mother died some time ago.
C) He didn’t look after his sic wife.
D) He hasn’t taken good care of his son.
M: What kind of father am I? My only son almost died, and I didn’t even know he was ill.
W: Don’t blame yourself. You were too busy to pay attention to him. If his mother was still alive, things would have been much better.
Q: Why dose the man blame himself?
2000年1月
7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.
B) The guest lecturer's opinion is different from Dr. Johnson's.
C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.
D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.
M: The visiting economist is speaking tonight. But Dr. Johnson doesn't seem to think much of him.
W: That's because Dr. Johnson comes from an entirely different school of thought.
Q: What do we learn from the woman's remark?
2003年1月
9. A) He'll give a lecture on drawing. B) He doesn't mind if the woman goes to the lecture. C) He'd rather not go to the lecture. D) He's going to attend the lecture. W: I don't imagine you have any interest in attending that lecture on drawing, do you? M: Oh, yes, I do, now that you remind me of it. Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?
2003年6月
4. A) She promised to help the man. B) She came a long way to meet the man. C) She took the man to where he wanted to go. D) She suggested a way out of the difficulty for the man.
M: Thank you for your helpful assistance. Otherwise, I'd surely have missed it. The place is so out of the way. W: It was a pleasure meeting you. Good bye! Q: Why did the man thank the woman?
9、意義解釋題
重點(diǎn)考查：短語和小詞的理解 問題：What does the man/speaker mean?
1994年1月 8. A) Teachers like Professor Johnson are rare. B) Professor Johnson has won a million dollars. C) Professor Johnson is lucky to be teaching at that school. D) There are many teachers as good as Professor Johnson. W: This school is lucky to have a teacher as good as Prof. Helen Johnson. M: She is one in a million. Q: What does the man mean?
1995年1月
10. A) He hasn't think it necessary to refuel the car. B) He can manage to get the gasoline they need. C) He hopes the woman will help him select a fuel. D) He thinks it is difficult to get fuel for the car. W: We have to face the fact that it is a little hard to get fuel for the car. M: Between you and me, I think there is always a way to get around this problem. Q: What does the man mean?
1995年6月
4. A) Families with cars B) American's heavy dependence on cars. C) Roads and highways. D) Traffic problems in America.
W: You Americans are funny. It seems as if you were married to your cars.
M: Yeah, I guess that's true. The country is becoming one big highway. I was reading that there are about 4 million miles of roads and highways in this country now.
Q: What are they talking about?
1997年6月
4. A) He loves his present job.
B) He is going to open a store.
C) He is about to retire.
D) He works in a repair shop. W: It's good to see you again. What are you doing these days? You're still working at the same place, aren't you? M: Yes, I am. And I'm counting the days until retirement. Q: What can we learn about the man?
1999年6月
6.A) They should put the meeting to an end.
B) They should hold another meeting to discuss the matter.
C) She would like to discuss another item.
D) She wants to discuss the issue again later.
M: I think we should move on to the next item. W: Ok. But I'd like to take this matter up again at the end of the meeting. Q: What does the woman imply?
2000年1月
8. A) She's never watched a better game. B) Football is - her favorite pastime. C) Their team played very badly. D) The game has been canceled.
M: I'm sorry I missed the football game, but I had a terrible cold.
W: You didn't miss anything. We couldn't have played worse.
Q: What does the woman mean?
2002年6月
8. A) She's proud of being able to do many things at the same time. B) She is sure to finish al the things in a few hours. C) She dreams of becoming a millionaire someday. D) She's been kept extremely busy.
M: You're looking a little overwhelmed. W: Exactly. You know I got a million things to do and all of them have to be finished within 3 hours. Q: What does the woman mean?
2003年1月
5. A) He is sure they will succeed in the next test.
B) He did no better than the woman in the test.
C) He believes she will pass the test this time.
D) He felt upset because of her failure.
W: Oh, dear. I'm afraid I fail again in the national test. It's the third time I took it. M: Don't be too upset. I have the same fate. Let's try the fourth time. Q: What does the man mean?
10、推斷題
提問方式 : 1. What do we learn from conversation? 2. What can be inferred from conversation? 3. What do we learn about? 解題：表面上的意思是不對(duì)的，選項(xiàng)中答案在原文中一模一樣地出現(xiàn)決不要選，要選沒有相關(guān)詞匯的答案。重點(diǎn)要理清思路，聽出對(duì)話的言外之意。
1999年1月
7. A) The woman doesn't like jam. B) The woman forgot where she had left the jar. C) The man had an accident. D) The man broke the jar. W: I just made a jar of jam this morning and now I can't find it any where. Do you know what happened to it? M: Did you hear a crash, that was it, I'm just as clumsy as ever. Q: What is the problem?
2001年6月
8. A) She'd like to have the windows open. B) She likes to have the air conditioner on. C) The air is heavily polluted. D) The windows are already open. M: Do you want to turn on the air conditioner or open the window? W: I love fresh air if you don't mind. Q: What can be inferred from the woman's answer?
1997年6月
9. A) The talks haven't started yet. B) The talks haven't achieved much. C) The talks have produced a general agreement. D) The talks broke down and could go no further. W: How are their talks going on? Have they reached any agreement? M: They only seemed to have agreed to set another date for further talks. Q: What can we infer from the conversation?
1998年6月
3. A) John didn't pass, although he had tried his best.
B) John did better than he thought he was able to.
C) John got an excellent score, which was unexpected.
D) John was disappointed at his math score.
W: How did you do on the maths exam, John? M: I barely made it. It was just a passing score but better than I had expected. Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
小對(duì)話做題步驟： 1. 通過問題判斷是什么題型 2. 通過題型分類知道這題怎么做 3. 想出對(duì)應(yīng)的做題方法、技巧和規(guī)律等等
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更多信息請(qǐng)?jiān)L問：考試吧四六級(jí)欄目
| 北京 | 天津 | 上海 | 江蘇 | 山東 |
| 安徽 | 浙江 | 江西 | 福建 | 深圳 |
| 廣東 | 河北 | 湖南 | 廣西 | 河南 |
| 海南 | 湖北 | 四川 | 重慶 | 云南 |
| 貴州 | 西藏 | 新疆 | 陜西 | 山西 |
| 寧夏 | 甘肅 | 青海 | 遼寧 | 吉林 |
| 黑龍江 | 內(nèi)蒙古 |
