專家解析大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試歷年閱讀真題(十一)

　　文章的第三段對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員們?cè)诒荣悎?chǎng)上出現(xiàn)粗魯語(yǔ)言的原因做了分析。作者認(rèn)為他們把對(duì)手視為敵人(he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy)，因而把比賽場(chǎng)上的粗魯語(yǔ)言視為是正當(dāng)?shù)?every action, no matter how gross, may be considered justifiable.)，這才造成出口成臟，不以為恥。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中D最為符合這個(gè)意思，C似乎也有道理，但細(xì)分析可知它把說(shuō)粗口的原因歸結(jié)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的激烈性，顯然不符合作者的觀點(diǎn)。

　　28. What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?

　　A) He refused to continue the game.

　　B) He angrily hit the referee with a ball.

　　C) He claimed that the referee was unfair.

　　D) He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt.(D)

　　本題問(wèn)那位手球選手在換手套的請(qǐng)求沒(méi)有得到允許之后做了什么。

　　A，他拒絕繼續(xù)比賽。

　　B，他憤怒地把球扔向了裁判。

　　C，他宣稱裁判不公平。

　　D，他把手套放在T恤上擦，以弄濕手套。

　　本題所說(shuō)的手球隊(duì)員是作者在第三段所舉的一個(gè)例子：I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player’s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not considered then wet enough. The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed. “Are they wet enough now?”這句話的大意是在一場(chǎng)手球比賽中一個(gè)球員請(qǐng)求暫停來(lái)?yè)Q手套(request for a time out for a glove change)，但裁判認(rèn)為手套不夠濕拒絕了他的請(qǐng)求。他便把手套在濕T恤上搓濕，并反問(wèn)裁判手套夠不夠濕。顯然D的意思是對(duì)的。這里沒(méi)有提到他是否拒絕繼續(xù)比賽，可以排除A。他絕對(duì)沒(méi)有把球扔向裁判(除非他想被當(dāng)場(chǎng)驅(qū)逐出場(chǎng))，這里不能和第四段的例子混淆(deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could)。

　　球員說(shuō)的話是“這下夠濕了嗎?”，是在表明手套已經(jīng)夠濕，可以批準(zhǔn)暫停，另外還有向裁判示威的意思。Claim是公開(kāi)宣稱的意思，球員的話從暗含的意思來(lái)看勉強(qiáng)有裁判不公的意思，但絕沒(méi)有公開(kāi)宣稱出來(lái)。可以排除C。

　　29. According to the passage, players, in a game, may ________.

　　A) deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way

　　B) keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game

　　C) lie down on the ground as an act of protest

　　D) kick the ball across the court with force(A)

　　題目問(wèn)根據(jù)文意，運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽中會(huì)如何如何。

　　A，故意把球扔向任何一個(gè)阻擋犯規(guī)的人身上。

　　B，會(huì)全場(chǎng)比賽不停地大喊大叫。

　　C，躺到地板上表示抗議。

　　D，用力將球從場(chǎng)地一邊踢向另一邊。

　　從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)來(lái)看，題目問(wèn)的是球員們?cè)诒荣悎?chǎng)上的具體反應(yīng)，而在文中具體的例子實(shí)際上只有兩個(gè)，第一個(gè)是第三段的搓手套的例子，第二個(gè)是第四段的故意把球扔到對(duì)手身上的例子。而第一個(gè)例子在上一道題中已經(jīng)考查過(guò)了，這一道題繼續(xù)考查的可能性不大。由此判斷此題的答案只需要看第二個(gè)例子就可以了。第二個(gè)例子是故意扔球， B、C在文中都沒(méi)有提到，可以排除，D是說(shuō)把球踢走，而不是把球扔到對(duì)手身上，也不對(duì)。為了節(jié)省時(shí)間，本題可以直接選A。

　　可以再具體分析一下。其實(shí)看了A的表述多少會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些懷疑，“扔向任何一個(gè)……”會(huì)不會(huì)太絕對(duì)了呢?第四段第一句話給出了答案：players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way，這里的anyone就已經(jīng)把這種現(xiàn)象“絕對(duì)”化了，故意扔球是這種絕對(duì)化中的一個(gè)例子，因此可以放心選擇A。

　　Passage 3

　　Consumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大雜燴) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday.

　　Among the report’s more outrageous (令人無(wú)法容忍的) findings-a German fertilizer described itself as “earthworm friendly” a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”