(六)肯定與否定題
聽力測(cè)試題有很多對(duì)話常通過某種否定形式來表示肯定含義,或是利用肯定
形式表示否定意義。其目的是考查學(xué)生的快速反應(yīng)能力和基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握的程度。
1 、常見的以否定形式表示肯定意義的結(jié)構(gòu)有:
cannot wait+不定式或can hardly wait+不定式(急于…,迫切希望…);
cannot與much(或too , enough , sufficiently , over ,構(gòu)成的合成詞)
連用(無論怎么也不為過);cannot help doing (禁不住做…);cannot
but do(不得不,必然);cannot help but do(不得不);have no choice/
alternative but to do (除做…外別無選擇,非做…不可);nothing but
(只有,只不過)
;另外,還可以通過各種比較結(jié)構(gòu)來表示肯定含義,最常用的有:nothing
less than (和…一模一樣,完全是);more A than B (與其說是B ,不如說
是A 或是A 而不是B );less A than B (與其說是A ,不如說是B 或是B 而不
是A )
;not so much A as B(是B 而不是A );A not so…as B(A 比B …),
表達(dá)的正好是原結(jié)構(gòu)中形容詞或副詞的反義。
2 、常見的以肯定表示否定的意義的有:
anything but(根本不);used to (過去常常,是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況的否定,
說明現(xiàn)在已不這樣做);too …to…(太…以致不…,這一結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式表示否
定意義);prefer…to…(該短語否定的是介詞短語部分,表示“不喜歡或不會(huì)
做”等);would rather…than(寧愿…而不,這一結(jié)構(gòu)否定的是than后的動(dòng)詞,
would …rather than 與其用法相同。)
「例一」
A ) She is going to give up biology.
B ) She spends half of her time on biology.
C ) To her , biology is difficult , but math is not.
D ) To her , math is even more difficult than biology.
M : What do you think of biology ?
W : It ‘s given me a hard time, though it is not as difficult as
math.
Q : What can we learn about the woman?
「例二」
A ) She is eager to know what the present is.
B ) She is not anxious to know what it is.
C ) She doesn‘t now what she is asked to wait for.
D ) She really doesn ‘t care about the present.
M : What did your parents buy you for your birthday?
W : I don‘t know. But I can hardly wait to see it.
Q : What does the woman mean ?
(七)計(jì)劃與行動(dòng)題
行動(dòng)類題是四級(jí)聽力測(cè)試中最常見的題型之一。題量較大。
1 、某人計(jì)劃或打算做什么。選擇項(xiàng)常以動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞不定式形式出現(xiàn);
也有以句子形式出現(xiàn)的選擇項(xiàng),這類選擇項(xiàng)的謂語部分常出現(xiàn)will,be going或
be to.解題時(shí),應(yīng)首先根據(jù)選擇項(xiàng)確定提問的對(duì)象,即男士還是女士計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備
去做某事,這樣聽音時(shí)就可以集中注意力去聽相關(guān)部分,尤其是謂語動(dòng)詞。
「例題」
A ) Look for a more expensive hotel.
B ) Go to another hotel by bus.
C ) Try to find a quiet place.
D ) Take a walk around the city.
W : I don‘t think we can find a better hotel around here at this
time.
M : Let‘s walk a little further to see if there is another one.
I just can’t bear the traffic noise here.
Q : What will the speakers most probably do?
2 、某人正在做什么。選擇項(xiàng)通常是動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。有時(shí)也會(huì)出現(xiàn)句子,
但其謂語動(dòng)詞都是進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式。這類測(cè)試題的提問方式比較單一,一般都是What
‘s the man/ woman doing now?或What are they doing now ?這種類型的測(cè)
試往往比較簡(jiǎn)單,只要集中注意力聽清對(duì)話中的謂語動(dòng)詞基本都能作出正確的判
斷。
相關(guān)推薦:名師考前沖刺指導(dǎo):英語四級(jí)聽力完美訓(xùn)練方案北京 | 天津 | 上海 | 江蘇 | 山東 |
安徽 | 浙江 | 江西 | 福建 | 深圳 |
廣東 | 河北 | 湖南 | 廣西 | 河南 |
海南 | 湖北 | 四川 | 重慶 | 云南 |
貴州 | 西藏 | 新疆 | 陜西 | 山西 |
寧夏 | 甘肅 | 青海 | 遼寧 | 吉林 |
黑龍江 | 內(nèi)蒙古 |