真題演練：大學(xué)英語四級(jí)簡答解題歷年真題解析

　　1999年1月考題

　　Would–be language teachers everywhere have one thing in common: they all want some recognition of their professional status and skills, and a job. The former requirement is obviously important on a personal level, but it is vital if you are to have any chance of finding work.

　　Ten years ago, the situation was very different. In virtually every developing country, and in many developed countries as well, being a native English speaker was enough to get you employed as an English teacher.

　　Now employers will only look at teachers who have the knowledge, the skills and attitudes to teach English effectively. The result of this has been to raise non-native English teachers to the same status as their native counter-parts（相對(duì)應(yīng)的人）--- something they have always deserved but seldom enjoyed. Non-natives are happy--- linguistic discrimination（語言上的歧視）is a thing of the past.

　　An ongoing research project, funded by the University of Cambridge, asked a sample of teachers, educators and employers in more than 40 countries whether they regarded the native /non-native speakers distinction as being at all important. “No” was the answer. As long as candidates can teach and had the required level of English, it didn’t matter who they were and where they came from. Thus, a new form of discrimination--- this time justified because it singled out the unqualified--- liberated the linguistically oppressed（受壓迫的）. But the Cambridge did more than just that: it confirmed that the needs of native and non-native teachers were extremely similar.

　　1. The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.

　　2.What did non-native English teachers deserve but seldom enjoy?

　　3. What kind of people can now find a job as an English teacher?

　　4. What is the result of the “new form of discrimination”(Line 5, Para.4)?

　　5. The phrase “the linguistically oppressed”(Line 6, Para. 4) refers to those who were_________.
　

　　1999年1月考題

　　文章導(dǎo)讀

　　一個(gè)英語教師的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么？是不是只要是a native English speaker就可以了呢？A native English speaker是否就比a non-native English speaker強(qiáng)呢？該篇短文對(duì)比了對(duì)英語教師過去和現(xiàn)在的職業(yè)要求和資格評(píng)價(jià)的情況，介紹了現(xiàn)在對(duì)本族語英語教師和非本族語英語教師一視同仁的變化。

　　第一題 The selection of English teachers used to be mainly based on ________.

　　題解：本題的重要線索是題干中的“used to”。文章的第二段提到“十年前，……只要是a native English speaker，你就足以成為一名英語教師了”。換句話說，就是過去選擇英語教師的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)就是看你是不是a native English speaker。所以本題的正確答案可以是：…whether they were English speakers。

　　要點(diǎn)：（1）注意答案是作“on”賓語，后面又有“是否……”，答案應(yīng)該用由whether引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句；

　�。�2）題干中的“used to”告訴我們答案中也要用過去時(shí)態(tài)；如果信手寫成whether they are English speakers是要扣0.5分的；

　　（3）題干中的“English teachers”是一個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)，答案中也要用復(fù)數(shù)。如果信手寫成whether he was English speakers是要扣0.5分的；

　　請(qǐng)參考其它的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：

　　l 可得2.0分的回答：

　　1) their nationality

　　2) whether they were native speakers or not

　　3) the language the teachers had as mother tongue

　　4) the job applicants’ nationality

　　5) where they came from and their mother tongue

　　l 可得1.5分的回答：

　　1) whether is a native speaker or not

　　從句中缺主語，語法錯(cuò)誤扣0.5分。

　　2) their citizenship, whether the job applicants were English speakers or not.

　　超詞，共11個(gè)詞，扣0.5分。 l 可得1分的回答

　　1) being a native speaker was enough to get you employed

　　照抄原文，扣0.5分。與所補(bǔ)充句子語法不搭配，扣0.5分。

　　2) they were native speakers or not and whether professional status

　　“whether…or not”句式表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤，扣0.5分。部分內(nèi)容與問題無關(guān)，扣0.5分。

　　l 可得0.5分的回答：

　　1) nation. A English man is enough to be a English teacher.

　　回答不全面，僅包含部分正確內(nèi)容，扣0.5分。語法錯(cuò)誤（應(yīng)為，時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤應(yīng)為過去時(shí)）扣0.5分。

　　2) Speaking. You should being a native speaker.

　　回答不全面，包含部分正確內(nèi)容，得1 分。語言錯(cuò)誤，扣0.5分。

　　l 可得0分的回答：

　　1) their professional status and skills

　　2) a personal level

　　3) a native English speaker

　　4) the knowledge, the skills and the attitudes.

　　沒有回答出正確內(nèi)容，不得分。