新東方白易禮：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試語(yǔ)法筆記(六)

　　I should have written the letter earlier. But I have been very busy.

　　要能登上珠穆朗瑪峰，那經(jīng)歷該多棒!

　　It would be a fantastic experience to climb up to Mount Everest.

　　6、虛擬語(yǔ)氣省略條件從句或主句

　　表示虛擬語(yǔ)氣的條件句的主句或從句有時(shí)可以省略，而省略部分的含義仍有所體現(xiàn)。

　　1)省略條件從句，如：

　　It would be very nice.

　　You could have done it yourself. (省略If you had wanted to.上下文可以看出You didn’t want to.) (Fact: You didn’t do the work yourself because you didn’t want to.)

　　I wouldn’t smoke. (省略If I were you.) (表面上說(shuō)我，實(shí)際上說(shuō)你。這是一種委婉的表達(dá)法。(Fact: You smoke very often. I advise you not to smoke any more.)

　　2)省略主句：在強(qiáng)調(diào)條件從句時(shí)，常省略主句，這種句子常表示一種“已不能實(shí)現(xiàn)”的愿望，主要用于If only 引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中。

　　For example:

　　If only he were here!

　　If only I knew more!

　　If only he had stayed with us!

　　Now let’s do some translation:

　　要是我聽了他的建議就好了!

　　If only I had taken his advice!

　　我如果是一只鳥就好了!

　　If only I were a bird.

　　快用If only 造三個(gè)句子，表達(dá)你的愿望!

　　If only I could live in a big apartment!

　　If only I were a billionaire!

　　If only I could marry her/him!

　　(二)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的其他句型和用法

　　1、用在“wish+賓語(yǔ)從句”中，表示很難實(shí)現(xiàn)或不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，可以翻譯為“但愿…”, “悔不該…”等。表示現(xiàn)在不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式;表示將來(lái)的愿望，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would (could)+動(dòng)詞原形”;對(duì)過(guò)去的事情表示愿望，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 “had+過(guò)去分詞” 或“could + have + 過(guò)去分詞”。Wish 后面的賓語(yǔ)從句必須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，不管這個(gè)愿望是否能實(shí)現(xiàn)。如：

　　I wish it were Spring all the year round.

　　I wish you could go with us.

　　We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.

　　Now let’s do some translation using “wish”:

　　我要是Jane 就好了。

　　I wish I were Jane.

　　他真希望自己生活在中世紀(jì)。

　　He really wishes that he were living in the Middle Ages.

　　但愿北京整年是秋天。