新東方白易禮：英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試語(yǔ)法筆記(六)

　　If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.

　　要是她工作更努力些，她本是成功的。

　　If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.

　　會(huì)上我沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你妹妹。如果她來(lái)了，她就見(jiàn)到我哥哥了。

　　I didn’t see your younger sister at the meeting. If she had come, she would have met my elder brother.

　　3、表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，對(duì)將來(lái)表示懷疑，或?qū)��?lái)的動(dòng)作不太可能實(shí)現(xiàn)時(shí)，條件狀語(yǔ)從句和主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有以下形式：(見(jiàn)表)

　　請(qǐng)看以下句子：

　　1)If it rains tomorrow, our picnic will be put off. (說(shuō)明：The weather has been very changeable these days.) 條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表示說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為下雨的可能性很大。

　　2)If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. (說(shuō)明：The weather has been very good these days.) 條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)，表示說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為下雨的可能性不大。

　　3)If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. (萬(wàn)一明天下雨，我們的野餐就推遲)。條件狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形，說(shuō)明下雨的可能性很小或沒(méi)有可能，如果下雨，那將是出乎意料的。

　　4)If it were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.這句話與上一句意思幾乎一模一樣。

　　If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him.

　　If she were to miss the train tomorrow, she might come back and start off again the day after tomorrow.

　　萬(wàn)一你失敗了，你準(zhǔn)備怎么辦?

　　If you should fail, what would you do?

　　要是我明天真的見(jiàn)到她，我就把真相告訴她。

　　If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.

　　萬(wàn)一明天下雨，會(huì)議就推遲。

　　If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

　　我打賭巴西會(huì)贏得世界杯。要是巴西輸了，我就請(qǐng)你搓一頓。

　　I bet Brazil will win the World Cup. If it should lose, I would treat you a meal.

　　4、當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間來(lái)調(diào)整。這與以上三種情況不同，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式?jīng)]有遵循以上規(guī)律。

　　For example:

　　If you had worked hard, you would be very tired. (從句說(shuō)的是過(guò)去，主句指的是現(xiàn)在。)

　　If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.

　　If I were you, I would have gone home.

　　Now let’s do some translation:

　　如果她過(guò)去沒(méi)有刻苦訓(xùn)練的話，就不會(huì)跑得這么快。(從句動(dòng)作指的是過(guò)去，主句指的是現(xiàn)在的情況)(Fact: She has trained very hard, so she is able to run very fast now.)

　　If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.

　　如果你當(dāng)初每天都練習(xí)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的話，你的英語(yǔ)就會(huì)說(shuō)得很好。(從句動(dòng)作指的是過(guò)去，主句指的是現(xiàn)在的情況) (fact: You didn’t practice speaking English very hard every day, so you can’t speak English very well )

　　If you had practiced speaking English every day, you would speak English well enough.