3. 應(yīng)該多閱讀,甚至背誦一些經(jīng)典句型和篇章!缎赂拍钣⒄Z(yǔ)》第二冊(cè)和第三冊(cè)就有許多非常值得學(xué)習(xí)的句式。以第二冊(cè)為例,Lesson38中有兩個(gè)關(guān)于”no sooner…than”和”hardly…when”的例句: He had no sooner returned than he bought a fine house and went to live there. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. 提到”cannot…to”(再……也不過分)的用法,Lesson41也有兩個(gè)例句: A man can never have too many ties. A woman can’t have too many hats. 體現(xiàn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法的例句更多。如Lesson40中有一句: “Young man,” she answered, “If you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!” 諸如此類,不勝枚舉。 語(yǔ)法學(xué)習(xí)和詞匯學(xué)習(xí)是英語(yǔ)進(jìn)階的綱,綱舉目張,因此我們重點(diǎn)談?wù)勅绾瓮黄七@兩部分的難點(diǎn)!
1. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣。強(qiáng)調(diào)說話人的主觀愿望和假想情況?忌鷳(yīng)著重復(fù)習(xí)能引起虛擬語(yǔ)氣的某些介詞、介詞短語(yǔ)和連詞(如lest, in case, otherwise等);一部分表示建議、主張、命令、緊要等概念的詞語(yǔ),由于本身隱含說話人的主觀愿望,其后的主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句往往采用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”;虛擬倒裝句;在would rather, wish, as if, it’s time that等句型中使用適當(dāng)形式表達(dá)主觀愿望;混合虛擬句。
2. 主謂一致。這類考題靈活性大,需要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。一部分具有生命意義的集合名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多采用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如people, poultry, militia等;用and連接的成分表單一概念時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);就近原則:主語(yǔ)中含有某些連詞(如as well as, besides, in addition to等)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)同第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。