新東方名師解析英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)命題考點(diǎn)及題型

　　4、轉(zhuǎn)折處與強(qiáng)對(duì)比處�？�

　　一般而言，轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容常常是語(yǔ)義的重點(diǎn)，命題者常對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)折處的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行提問(wèn)。轉(zhuǎn)折一般通過(guò)however, but, yet, in fact等詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)引導(dǎo)。強(qiáng)對(duì)比常由unlike, until, not so much…as等詞或短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)。命題者常對(duì)用來(lái)對(duì)比的雙方屬性進(jìn)行考查。 比如文章中說(shuō)甲具有X屬性，但乙與甲不同，問(wèn)乙有何屬性?答曰：非X屬性。

　　此類考點(diǎn)常出現(xiàn)在邏輯推理型題中，少數(shù)出現(xiàn)于其它題型中。

　　例1. Some observers say the fault is with the young people…. But that's a condemnation of the students as a whole…. Others blame the state of the world… But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.

　　Q：According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that _______ .

　　(A) society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates.

　　(B) High school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education.

　　(C) Too many students have to earn their own living.

　　(D) College administrators encourage students to drop out.

　　(分析：選A項(xiàng)。考生閱讀文章時(shí)，應(yīng)注意到文中有兩個(gè)"but"的轉(zhuǎn)折，特別是段末一轉(zhuǎn)折句意即：但失望的畢業(yè)生了解到社會(huì)再也不能吸收大量的23歲的訓(xùn)練有素的大學(xué)生。這一轉(zhuǎn)折后的內(nèi)容正好是解答題干問(wèn)題的依據(jù)，我們從這句話可以推斷出大學(xué)考試之所以出了問(wèn)題部分源于一個(gè)事實(shí)，即A項(xiàng)：社會(huì)不能為訓(xùn)練有素的大學(xué)生提供足夠工作。此屬邏輯推理題。)

　　例2 … Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commits suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding….

　　Q： It can be conduced from the passage that ________ .

　　(分析：這道題屬邏輯推理題，命題者利用unlike進(jìn)行強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比，要求考生推斷出正確結(jié)論。)

　　例3 Beauty has always been regard as something praiseworthy. Almost everyone thinks attractive more respectable occupations. Personal consultants give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attentive defendants(被告)。But in the executive circle, beauty can become a liability.

　　Q：The author writes this passage to _______ .

　　(A) discuss the negative aspects of being attractive.

　　(B) Give advice to job-seekers who are attractive.

　　(C) Demand equal rights for women.

　　(D) Emphasize the importance of appearance.

　　(分析：選A項(xiàng)。屬主旨大意類題型。前面都是講美給人帶來(lái)的種種好處，用but突然進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折，考生即可推測(cè)出下面要講美給人帶來(lái)的不利方面了。)

　　例4. The sensation of sound involves a verity of factors in addition to its peak level. …In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large rage. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at or near peak level.

　　Q: Commercials create the sensate at the highest sound level.

　　(A)TV stations always operate at the highest sound level.

　　(B)Their sound levels are kept around peak level.

　　(C)Their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency ranges.

　　(D)Unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range.

　　(分析：選B項(xiàng)，該題屬闡述說(shuō)明主旨大意的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。用however作轉(zhuǎn)折，指出商業(yè)節(jié)目的音量是保持或接近峰值(peak levels)。命題者給出的B答案中，只是對(duì)however后原句進(jìn)行了詞語(yǔ)和句型的轉(zhuǎn)換。)

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