四級考試第四部分的第三種可能的題型是簡單回答問題,簡稱為簡答題。簡答題選用的短文難度和長度與閱讀理解文章相似,篇幅大約是250-300詞。短文后附有5個問題或不完整的句子,要求考生在閱讀完短文后用不超過10個詞的簡短英文(可以是句子,也可以是單詞或短語)回答所提出的問題或補充不完整的句子。
每題2分,共10分,考試時間為15分鐘。
自新題型公布至今,簡答題共考過四次(1997年1月、1999年1月、1999年6月和2002年6月)。該題型要求考生在讀懂文章的情況下,用自己的語言簡短的回答出有關(guān)文章內(nèi)容的問題,主要測試考生對英語的確切理解能力和用英語進行表達的能力,在考查閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上考查了考生的英語表達能力和概括能力。 同翻譯題一樣,簡答題的基礎(chǔ)依然是閱讀理解,但對閱讀理解的要求更高。在一定的意義上,簡單題與閱讀理解部分更為接近,考查的點既有細節(jié)題,也有推斷題,甚至還有要考生進行總結(jié)歸納的題。但由于簡答部分只有問題,而且要求考生用簡練的語言進行回答(超過10個字是要扣分的),同時還要注意拼寫、語法的正確,這就使得簡答題要難得多。從往年的考試情況看來,這部分的得分是比較低的。如果在閱讀理解中能拿到30分的話,在這個部分恐怕只能拿到5分左右。
簡答題較難的另一個原因是在這個部分中幾乎沒有猜題的技巧可言,所以平時復(fù)習(xí)時不要報有幻想,而是要從根本上提高自己的閱讀能力。
由于簡答題的考查點與閱讀理解有很大的相似性,平時提高做簡答題能力的方法是:在做閱讀理解題時,先不看選項,試一試用自己的話回答。
簡答題的評分原則及標準
一、簡答題要求學(xué)生在讀懂文章的基礎(chǔ)上,用正確簡潔的語言回答問題。在評分時同時考慮內(nèi)容和語言。每題滿分為2分,最低分為0分。
二、給分標準
2分 — 答出全部內(nèi)容,語言正確;
1分 — 答出部分內(nèi)容,語言正確;
0分 — 沒有答對問題。
三、扣分標準
1. 語言錯誤扣0.5分,每題語言錯誤扣分不超過0.5分(標點符號和大小寫錯誤忽略不計);
2. 涉及無關(guān)內(nèi)容者扣0.5分;若答案中有互相矛盾的內(nèi)容,則內(nèi)容互相矛盾的部分皆不得分;
3. 整句原封不動照搬,扣0.5分;
4. 考生所給答案超過10個單詞扣0.5分。
如答案涵蓋兩個方面,而考生只答對其中一個方面時,答錯的一方面則在扣除1分后不再以多余信息另外扣分,但其中如有語言錯誤則再扣0.5分
你來試一試
下面是2002年6月份的四級考試的簡答題部分,請你先做一下,然后再對照標準的評分標準看看自己能得多少分。 Part IV Short Answer Questions (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words (not exceeding 10 words).
As researchers learn more about how children’s intelligence develops, they are increasingly surprised by the power of parents. The power of the school has been replaced by the home. To begin with, all the factors which are part of intelligence – the child’s understanding of language, learning patterns, curiosity – are established well before the child enters school at the age of six. Study after study has shown that even after school begins, children’s achievements have been far more influenced by parents than by teachers. This is particularly true about learning that is language-related. The school rather than the home is given credit for variations in achievement in subjects such as science.
In view of their power, it’s sad to see so many parents not making the most of their child’s intelligence. Until recently parents had been warned by educators who asked them not to educate their children. Many teachers now realize that children cannot be educated only at school and parents are being asked to contribute both before and after the child enters school.
Parents have been particularly afraid to teach reading at home. Of course, children shouldn’t be pushed to read by their parents, but educators have discovered that reading is best taught individually – and the easiest place to do this is at home. Many four- and five-year-olds who have been shown a few letters and taught their sounds will compose single words of their own with them even before they have been taught to read.
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