本課主要語言點

　　1. Many primitive people believed that by eating an animal they could get some of the good qualities of that animal for themselves.

　　本句中that 引導的是一個賓語從句。賓語從句在前幾個單元中我們已有了比較多的了解。掌握賓語從句并不困難。請看下面的句子：

　　1) He says that friendship is very important to him.(他說友誼對他很重要。)

　　2) Can you tell me where the bookstore is?(你能告訴我書店在哪兒嗎?)

　　3) I don't know whether the letter is overweight.(我不知道這封信是否超重。)

　　by 后面跟動詞的現在分詞表示某人做了某件事，并通過這件事產生了某個結果。請看下面的句子：

　　They made a living by selling newspapers.(他們通過賣報謀生。)

　　2. They thought that eating deer would make them run as fast as the deer.

　　本句中that同樣是引導一個賓語從句。在賓語從句中，動名詞短語eating deer做主語。

　　make sb. do sth.意思是“使某人做某事”。make 后面的復合賓語中動詞不定式符號to要省去，但是用被動語態(tài)時一定要用to，請看下面的句子：

　　1) The boss made them work from morning till night.(老板使他們從早到晚地干活。)

　　2) She was made to finish the book in two days (by her father)。(父親讓她兩天把書看完。)

　　3. Some savage tribes believed that eating enemies that had shown bravery in battle would make them brave.

　　本句中的第一個that 引導的又是一個賓語從句，而后一個that 引導的是定語從句，修飾enemies

　　本句中them brave 是make 的復合賓語，請看下面的句子：

　　1) Don't wait for him. He will make us late.(別等他了，他會使我們遲到的。)

　　2) He was afraid that the story would make things worse.(他擔心那個故事會使事情更糟。)

　　3) I didn't know that the news had been made public.(我不知道這個消息已經公開了。)

　　4. It was once thought …

　　Eggs were thought to make the voice pretty.

　　Tomatoes were believed to have magical powers

　　They were called love apples and were supposed to make people who ate them fall in love.

　　上面的這些句子全部用的是被動語態(tài)。

　　suppose 是一個常用詞，請注意掌握。

　　1) I suppose it was reasonable for him to want his money back.(我看他想要回他的錢是合理的。)

　　2) I am not supposed to talk to you about this.(我不能和你談這個。)

　　3) Suppose / Supposing something should go wrong， what would you do?(如果有了什么差錯，你怎么辦?)

　　5. How surprised the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could know that millions of pounds of tomatoes were supplied to soldiers overseas during WWII.

　　“how surprised the people would be”是主句，這是一個感嘆句;who 引導的定語從句修飾people;if 引導的是條件狀語從句。

　　感嘆句通常用what 或how 引起。what 用來修飾一個名詞，how 修飾一個形容詞，副詞或動詞。

　　本句中that 引導的是一個表語從句

　　7. Washing food down with water as a substitute for chewing is not a good idea.

　　substitute for 是一個常用詞組，意思是“代替，代用品”;substitute也可以做動詞用，意思是“替代”。請看例句：

　　1) Don't you think it a good idea to use plastic as a substitute for wood?

　　(你覺得用塑料做木材的代用品是個好主意嗎?)

　　2) Daydreaming cannot substitute for hard work.(白日夢不能取代辛勤的努力。)

　　8. Many people think of bread as a carbohydrate food.

　　think of … as是一個習慣用法，意思是“把…看作是…”，“認為…是…”。請看下面的句子：

　　1) People think of him as a hero.(人們把他看作英雄。)

　　與think of …as 意思相近的習慣用法還有regard …as;consider…as;look upon…as;view…as;see …as 等等。

　　本課主要詞組

　　1. be eager to　　　　　　　　　2. be supposed to

　　3. fall in love　　　　　　　　　 4. grow up

　　5. be supplied to　　　　　　　　6. substitute for

　　7. have sth. to do with　　　　　　8. at the meal

　　9. as a matter of fact　　　　　　 10. think of …as…

　　11. in the same way

　　本課主要句型

　　賓語從句

　　1. Many people believe that by eating an animal they could get some of the good qualities of that animal for themselves.

　　2. They thought eating deer would make them run as fast as the deer.

　　3. Some savage tribes believe that eating enemies that had shown bravery in battle would make them brave

　　表語從句

　　1. One idea was that fish is the best brain food.

　　2. Another idea is that you should not drink water with meals.

　　3. The reason was that the acid in the orange juice would make the milk curdle and become indigestible.

　　4. A similar wrong idea is that fish and ice cream …for a poisonous combination.

　　5. Still another idea is that proteins and carbohydrates should never be eaten at the same meal.

　　感嘆句

　　1. How surprised that people…would be …。

　　形容詞，副詞的比較級和最高級

　　1. They thought eating deer would make them run as fast as deer.

　　2. Man-eating may have started because people were eager to become as strong and brave as their enemies.

　　3. One such idea is that fish is the best brain food.

　　4. Fish is good brain food just as it is good muscle food and skin and bone food.

　　5. But no one has been able to prove that fish is any better for the brain than many other kinds of food.

　　6. It is just as foolish to say that one should never eat meat and potatoes together as it is to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk.

　　Text B Do Animals Think?

　　短語表達

　　1. a great deal

　　We learned a great deal from her.

　　2. be like

　　Look at the little boy， he is so much like his father.

　　3. have time for

　　Don't worry， we will have enough time for discussion.

　　4. engage in

　　It is not appropriate for a former president to engage in commerce.

　　5. take care of

　　She took care of her little brother while mother was away.

　　6. in some / many respects

　　in one / this respect

　　He is different from the people around him in many respects.

　　We are lagging behind at least in one respect.

　　7. except

　　8. connect with

　　Good health is connected with diet.

　　9. make improvement in

　　10. by instinct

　　Birds build their nests by instinct.

　　11. speak of

　　Professor Blake always speaks highly of his assistant.

　　Did he speak of the serious earthquake that struck Taiwan last week?

　　12. let out

　　13. as if

　　He looked at me as if I were mad.

　　14. have one's wits about one〔機警，保持警覺〕

　　In this part of the city you have to have your wits about you all the time.

　　He felt it unnecessary to have his wits about him on such a friendly occasion.

　　15. a variety of

　　Don't bother him， he has a variety of duties to perform.

　　The college library has a wide variety of books.

　　16. difference between

　　Will you please tell me the difference between the two countries?

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