Text B Solving Problems Scientifically
搭配:
1. Arouse one's curiosity 引起某人的注意/動(dòng)詞詞組
2. Result from=arise from 由于/動(dòng)詞詞組;result in 導(dǎo)致/動(dòng)詞詞組
3. Give clue for doing sth. 為做某事提供線索/動(dòng)詞詞組
4. Build a firm foundation for doing sth. 為做某事打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)/動(dòng)詞詞組
5. Make an inference 做推論/動(dòng)詞詞組
6. Turn out to be 結(jié)果是/動(dòng)詞詞組
7. Check with 與什么相符/動(dòng)詞詞組
語言點(diǎn):
1. Once是連接詞,表示一旦。
2. A thoroughly understood problem is well started toward solution. Be well started toward 是什么的良好開端。
3. The development of industry has also brought about large numbers of problems which have to be solved.
4. Related questions 相關(guān)問題;unanswered questions 為回答的問題;controlled conditions 被控制的條件
5. Reliable(adj.可信賴的)-unreliable(adj.不可信賴的)
6. Should the observations or predictions turn out to be as expected, the scientist has added confidence in the probable truth of his hypothesis. = If the observations or predictions should turn out to be as expected, the scientist has added confidence in the probable truth of his hypothesis。
本課需要重點(diǎn)掌握的語法現(xiàn)象:動(dòng)名詞
動(dòng)名詞兼有動(dòng)詞和名詞的特征。因此在句中可以做主語、表語、賓語和定語。
1.作主語
直接將動(dòng)名詞放在句首作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。
如:Seeing is believing. 百聞不如一見。
Swimming is the best exercise in summer.在夏天,游泳是最好的鍛煉方式。
注:a)動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以作主語,一般可以互換。但有時(shí)又略有區(qū)別。動(dòng)名詞作主語往往表示一般或抽象的多次行為,不定式作主語表式具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作。
如:Playing with fire is dangerous.(泛指玩火)
To play with fire will be dangerous.(指一具體動(dòng)作)
b)在It is no use(good), not any use (good), useless 等后面一般用動(dòng)名詞作主語。
如:It is no use arguing with him.同他爭論無用的。
It is no good learning English without practice.學(xué)英語不練是不行的。
2.作表語
如:The real problem is getting to know the difficulties of the students.現(xiàn)實(shí)的問題是了解學(xué)生的困難。
注:a)動(dòng)名詞和不定式都可以做表語,區(qū)別在于:表示抽象的一般的行為時(shí),多用動(dòng)名詞;表示某次具體的動(dòng)作或具有將來時(shí)的意義時(shí),多用不定式。
如:My job is teaching English.我的工作是教英語。
My today's job is to teach you how to study English. 我今天的任務(wù)是教你如何學(xué)英語。
b) 動(dòng)名詞作表語時(shí)不要與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)混淆。進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)說明動(dòng)作是由主語完成的。動(dòng)名詞作表語,說明主語的性質(zhì)和情況。
如:He is collecting stamps.他在集郵。(現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí))
His hobby is collecting stamps.他的愛好是集郵。(動(dòng)名詞)
c) 動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作表語的區(qū)別:動(dòng)名詞作表語說明主語的內(nèi)容,而且可以轉(zhuǎn)換到句首作主語;現(xiàn)在分詞作表語,表示主語的特征,其作用相當(dāng)于形容詞。
如:His favorite sport is running.他最喜愛的運(yùn)動(dòng)是跑步。
可以轉(zhuǎn)換為:Running is his favorite sport.
The film is very moving.這部影片很感人。
相關(guān)推薦:
考試吧整理:各地2018年自學(xué)考試報(bào)名時(shí)間匯總
2018年自學(xué)考試《大學(xué)語文》串講資料匯總