3.疑問(wèn)詞what, who, which, when, where, how和連接詞whether之后,可以跟帶to的不定式,構(gòu)成一個(gè)特殊的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ),可以在句中作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。
如:How to solve the problem is very important.如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題是很重要的。(主語(yǔ))
He didn't know what to say. 他不知道該怎么說(shuō)。(賓語(yǔ))
The question is where to find the source of water.問(wèn)題是在什么地方能找到水源。(表語(yǔ))
4.不帶to的不定式
1)在feel, hear, listen to, look at, notice, observe, see, watch, let, have等動(dòng)詞后面,動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to通常省略。
2)在would rather…than, would sooner…than, rather than, had better等結(jié)構(gòu)中
如:I would rather go than stay.我寧愿走不愿意留下。
He insisted on going back to his work rather than stay in hospital.他堅(jiān)持要返回到工作崗位,而不再住院。
3)在以why引導(dǎo)的疑問(wèn)句中不帶to。
如:Why spend such a lot of money? 為什么花那么多錢(qián)?
4)在cannot but, cannot choose, cannot help but之后的不定式不帶to.
如:I cannot but admire his courage. 我不得不欽佩他的勇氣。
5) 不定式動(dòng)詞在介詞but, except, besides后面時(shí),如果這些介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的各種形式,那么,這些介詞后面的不定式不帶to, 否則要帶to。
如:The boy would do nothing but cry.這個(gè)男孩只是哭。
I have no choice but to accept the fact.除了接受這個(gè)事實(shí)之外,我別無(wú)選擇。
6)某些習(xí)語(yǔ)中,如:make believe(假裝),let go (放開(kāi),釋放),hear say(據(jù)說(shuō)),go hang (
忘卻)等。
如:The children are making believe that they are princes and princesses.孩子假裝他們是王子和公主。
7)兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式由and, or 或than連接在一起,為了避免重復(fù),第二個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式可以省去。
如:I'd like to lie down and go to sleep.我想躺下睡覺(jué)。
但是如果是兩者的對(duì)照,后面的不定式不省to.
如:It is better to laugh than to cry. 笑比哭好。
第二部分 鞏固練習(xí)
用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1.The boy was made ___________ (sing) the song once again.
填to sing. 在make后面,不定式作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)該加上不定式符號(hào)to
2.Don't make children _________ (work) too hard.
填work. make后面的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,省略不定式符號(hào)to
3.They would rather _____ (die) than _________ (surrender).
填 die, surrender。would rather 后面不用to
4.He could not choose but ___________ (love) her.
填love. could not choose but后面之后的不定式不帶to
5.She could do nothing but _________ (change ) her name under the circumstances.
填change. 不定式動(dòng)詞在介詞but后面時(shí),如果這些介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的各種形式,那么,這些介詞后面的不定式不帶to, 否則要帶to
6.He had his son _________ (play)the violin three hours a day.
填play. have 后面的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),要省略to
7.There was nothing to do except _________ (escape).
填escape. 不定式動(dòng)詞在介詞except后面時(shí),如果這些介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的各種形式,那么,這些介詞后面的不定式不帶to, 否則要帶to
8.He has not alternative but ________ (go ) and ask his sister for help.
填 to go. 不定式動(dòng)詞在介詞but后面時(shí),如果這些介詞之前有行為動(dòng)詞do的各種形式,那么,這些介詞后面的不定式不帶to, 否則要帶to
9.What can you see in the park?
I can see birds ________ (fly ) in the sky and sometimes I can see people _______ (do) shadowboxing.
填 fly/ do 感官動(dòng)詞see后面的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,省略to
相關(guān)推薦:
考試吧整理:各地2018年自學(xué)考試報(bào)名時(shí)間匯總
2018年自學(xué)考試《大學(xué)語(yǔ)文》串講資料匯總