Top 2 復(fù)合句型-定語(yǔ)從句
一、理論常識(shí)
在復(fù)合句中作定語(yǔ),修飾主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句。
結(jié)構(gòu):先行詞+關(guān)系詞(分為關(guān)系副詞和關(guān)系代詞)+從句
關(guān)系代詞(that , who , which , whose , as)
關(guān)系副詞(when , where , why , how)
定語(yǔ)從句分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制定語(yǔ)從句,限定從直接放在先行詞后,非限定從與先行詞之間要加逗號(hào)。
二、真題舉例
例句1:The Aswan Dam , for example , stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity .
【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】deprive sb. of sth. 剝奪某人某物;silt,n. 淤泥 v. (使)淤塞
【參考翻譯】例如,阿斯旺大壩阻止了尼羅河的洪水侵襲,但是也奪去了埃及的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥---這一切換來(lái)的卻是一個(gè)巨大的病態(tài)的水庫(kù),這個(gè)水庫(kù)積滿了淤泥,以至于幾乎不能發(fā)電了。
例句2:The second , by Joshua Greenberge , takes a more empirical approach to universality , identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many languages , which are considered to represent biases that result from cognitive constraints . (2012,49)
【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】empirical,adj. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的;result from 由……造成;cognitive,adj. 認(rèn)知的
【參考翻譯】第二個(gè)為此做出努力的人是約書(shū)亞·格林伯格,他采用經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的方法來(lái)研究普遍性,確認(rèn)多種語(yǔ)言(尤其是語(yǔ)序方面的)共同特征,這些特征被認(rèn)為是體現(xiàn)了由于認(rèn)知局限性而帶來(lái)的偏見(jiàn)。
例句3:His function is analogous to that of a judge , who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision . (2006,47)
【重點(diǎn)詞匯解析】analogous,adj. 類似的;reveal,vt. 揭露;reason,n. 理由 v. 推論
【參考翻譯】他的職責(zé)類似于法官的職責(zé),后者必須承擔(dān)起這樣的責(zé)任:用盡可能明顯的方式來(lái)揭示讓他做出決定的推理過(guò)程。
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