(五)修飾詞程度不匹配
為何有些錯誤選項歷年的考生都會去選擇?表明這種選項一定是強干擾項,如何設(shè)計一個強干擾項?就是讓它離正確選項最近,改動最小!因此,最常見的方式就是在中心詞前面的修飾詞做文章,請廣大學員一定注意此類選項,具體設(shè)置方式通常為:“名詞前的動詞;動詞,形容詞前的副詞程度與原文不一致”
01年#56 (C)
(C)can soon wipe out world poverty (原文當中沒有此修飾詞)
02年#56(C)
(C)the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide (原文當中沒有此修飾詞)
03年#53(B)
(B)there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide (原文當中沒有此修飾詞)
08年#37(A)
(A)DNA technology has been widely applied to history research. (原文當中沒有此修飾詞)
(六)移花接木
所謂“移花接木”即是把文章出現(xiàn)的兩處沒有任何關(guān)系的內(nèi)容連接到一起,形成一個看上去很像原文內(nèi)容的選項,這種選項錯誤很隱蔽,尤其是對于那些本身就靠“朦朧法”做題的考生來說,是很具有干擾性的。
01年#65(B)
(B) WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs.
文章當中有兩處提到上述內(nèi)容,但是并不是一句話內(nèi),而是分開的不同內(nèi)容提到的。第一處第四段首句 Examples of be benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. 第二處為該段 The mergers of telecom companies,such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. 這兩句話沒有任何的關(guān)系,選擇僅僅是把兩句話提到的內(nèi)容安排到了一起。
05年#25(D)
(D)Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
原文第四段為:In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species. such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.
選項顯然是將兩處內(nèi)容連接到了一起的。
01年#55(D)
(D)consider positive today.
原文第一段最后為: What was less visible then, however, were the new , positive forces that work against the digital divide.也就是答案將原文當中沒有出現(xiàn)在一起的, Digital divide ;positive forces 連在一起了。
(七)非直接等價
所謂非直接等價就是將并不是因果關(guān)系的兩個原文出現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容連接到了一起,造成都是原文內(nèi)容的假象,但原文當中并沒有類似因果關(guān)系。
05年#33(B)
(B)develop into happy dreams.
原文當中是第三段有類似表述:Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.
也就是說原文意思是 negative feelings 在睡眠早期變成 bad dreams, bad dreams 演變成 happier ones. 若選(B)會演變成 negative feelings generated during the day tend to develop into happy dreams.顯然與原文不符。
07年#39 (D)
(D)appreciate the economic value of trust.
原文第四段 surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic asset, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore-and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.
(D) 選項并不是 提干所提問的(According to Paragraph 4 what puzzles the author is that some bosses fail to)內(nèi)容,而只是原文中 that 的定語成分。不構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系,所以不能選。
(八)時態(tài)變化
廣大學員看到考研沒有了專門的語法題,確實高興了一陣,但是語法這個項目,尤其是時態(tài)的變化,會在閱讀當中得到考察,因此關(guān)注選項的時態(tài)是否與原文一致,就成為我們分辨錯誤選項的一個重要的突破點。具體范例如下:
00年#2(B)
(B)semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises.
原文第二段最后一句原話為: For a while it looked as though(看上去好像) the making of semiconductors , which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age , was going to(將要成為) be he next casualty. 答案與原文時態(tài)顯然不符合。
03年#44(A)
(A)Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true.
原文第四段原話為: As soon as (一……就……表示還未發(fā)生)that report runs, we’ll suddenly get 500 new internet sign-ups from Ukraine…。 顯然答案時態(tài)與原文不符合。
以上八種錯誤選項是十分有代表性的設(shè)置方式,也幾乎囊括了所有的錯誤選項的設(shè)置邏輯,請學員仔細研究,并加以利用,不要再犯類似的錯誤。
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