考研英語閱讀理解命題思路透析和真題揭秘(18)

1998年Passage 3
 
Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture. Think of Gallileo's 17th century trial for his rebelling belief before the Catholic Church or poet William Blake's harsh remarks against the mechanistic worldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has, if anything, deepened in this century.
 
Until recently, the scientific community was so powerful that it could afford to ignore its critics - but no longer. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "antiscience" in several books, notably Higher Superstition, by Paul R.Gross, a biologist at the University of Verginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon Haunted World, by Car Sagan of Cornell University.
 
Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as "The Flight from Science and Reason," held in New York City in 1995, and "Science in the Age of (Mis)information," which assembled last June near Buffalo.
 
Antiscience clearly means different things to different people. Gross and Levitt find fault primarily with sociologists, philosophers and other academics who have questioned science's objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts, creationism and other phenomena that contradict the scientific worldview.
 
A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the antiscience tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.
 
Few would dispute that the term applies to the Unabomber, those manifesto, published in 1995, scorns science and longs for return to a pretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalists concerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience, as an essay in US News & World Report last May seemed to suggest.
 
The environmentalists, inevitably, respond to such critics. The true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.
 
Indeed, some observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becoming meaningless. "The term ‘a(chǎn)ntiscience' can lump together too many, quite different things," notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti Science. "They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened"

62. The author's attitude toward the issue of "science vs. antiscience" is _____ .
[A] impartial
[B] subjective
[C] biased
[D] puzzling

[答案] A

[解題思路]

本文討論的主要論題就是關(guān)于科學(xué)與文化在各個方面上的關(guān)系問題，其中舉了很多互相矛盾的例子，之后又提出了antiscience這個問題，為讀者提供了大量的信息。但是顯然文章中并沒有表示作者感情態(tài)度的詞語出現(xiàn)，作者最后也沒有做出明確的結(jié)論，說明他的態(tài)度是客觀的，沒有偏見的。

[題目譯文]

作者對于"科學(xué)與反科學(xué)對立"這個問題的態(tài)度是              。
[A]公正的
[B]主觀的
[C]有偏見的
[D]令人困惑的