考研英語閱讀理解命題思路透析和真題揭秘(14)

2007年Text 3
  
　　During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.
 
　　In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today's families have budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback -- a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This "added-worker effect" could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.
 
　　During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest-rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a savings-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen -- and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families' future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent -- and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance -- have jumped eightfold in just one generation.
 
　　From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.

35. Which of the following is the best title for this text?
[A] The Middle Class on the Alert              
[B] The Middle Class on the Cliff
[C] The Middle Class in Conflict                
[D] The Middle Class in Ruins

[答案] B

[解題思路]

　　本題考察對全文的綜合理解，而文章的中心思想就是討論中產(chǎn)階級面臨的充滿各種危機的經(jīng)濟情況。A選項關(guān)于中產(chǎn)階級是否警覺到這種情況我們從文中不得而知，因此該選項可排除。此外，文章也沒有提到中產(chǎn)階級是否陷入了沖突或已處于徹底毀滅的狀況，由此可以排除C和D選項。而中產(chǎn)階級面臨的那種經(jīng)濟上岌岌可危的狀況就好像站在懸崖上那么危險，因此B選項為正確答案。

[題目譯文]

下面的那一項是這篇文章的最好標題？
[A] 中產(chǎn)階級在警覺
[B] 中產(chǎn)階級在懸崖上
[C] 中產(chǎn)階級在沖突中
[D] 中產(chǎn)階級在廢墟中

【推薦】考生必看：背誦100句涵蓋所有考研英語單詞

　　　　考研英語歷年真題來源報刊閱讀理解100篇匯總

　　　　一針見血點破09考研英語復(fù)習中的慣性思維