2018考研真題及答案※ 微信對(duì)答案 ※ 萬(wàn)題庫(kù)估分

Section II Reading Comprehension

　　Part A

　　Directions：

　　Read the following four texts。 Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D。 Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET。 (40 points)

　　Text 1

　　It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future。

　　Mr。 Koziatek is part of something pioneering。 He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization， but practical。 When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?

　　As Koziatek knows， there is learning in just about everything。 Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum。 They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle。

　　But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice。 Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority。 Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype。。。that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically，”he says。

　　On one hand， that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution。 Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was。 The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated。 More education is the new principle。 We want more for our kids， and rightfully so。

　　But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point： That’s not the only thing the American economy need。 Yes， a bachelor’s degree opens more doors。 But even now， 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs， such as construction and high-skill manufacturing。 But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained。

　　In other words， at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head， frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing， one obvious solution is staring us in the face。 There is a gap in working-class jobs， but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them。 Koziatek’s Manchester school of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap。

　　Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call。 When education becomes one-size-fits-all， it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts。

　　21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of 。

　　[A] practical ability

　　[B] academic training

　　[C] pioneering spirit

　　[D] mechanical memorization

　　22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who 。

　　[A] have a stereotyped mind

　　[B] have no career motivation

　　[C] are not academically successful

　　[D] are financially disadvantaged

　　23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates 。

　　[A] used to have big financial concerns

　　[B] used to have more job opportunities

　　[C] are reluctant to work in manufacturing

　　[D] are entitled to more educational privileges

　　24. The headlong push into bachelor‘s degrees for all 。

　　[A] helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs

　　[B] may narrow the gap in working-class jobs

　　[C] is expected to yield a better-trained workforce

　　[D] indicates the overvaluing of higher education

　　25. The author‘s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as 。

　　[A] supportive

　　[B] tolerant

　　[C] disappointed

　　[D] cautious

　　21、[答案][A] practical ability

　　[解析]根據(jù)題干可知這是一道典型的例證題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“a broken bike chain”定位到第二段第二句，向前找其論點(diǎn)句 “He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization， but practical。 由該句可知，在他(Mr。 Koziaek)任教的這個(gè)學(xué)校里，學(xué)習(xí)不是書(shū)本、測(cè)試和機(jī)械記憶這些事情，而是實(shí)踐。所以舉“a broken bike chain”的例子是說(shuō)明學(xué)生們?nèi)狈��?shí)踐能力，選A選項(xiàng) practical ability。

　　22、[答案][C] are not academically successful

　　[解析]根據(jù)題干可以定位到第四段，相關(guān)語(yǔ)句為“that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically，” he says。 其中，“can’t make it academically”就是對(duì)應(yīng)答案C中的“are not academically successful”， 因此，正確答案為C 選項(xiàng)are not academically successful。

　　23、[答案][B] used to have more job opportunities

　　[解析]根據(jù)題干要求定位到第五段，解決本題的關(guān)鍵是對(duì)第三句話“The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated�！钡睦斫�，尤其需要注意本句的時(shí)態(tài)，定語(yǔ)從句“that the US economy once offered to high school graduates”是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，表明“美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)曾經(jīng)為高中畢業(yè)生提供了工作保障”，而主句“The job security has largely evaporated”卻是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，意為“這種工作保障在很大程度上已經(jīng)蒸發(fā)了”，說(shuō)明曾經(jīng)的工作機(jī)會(huì)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再擁有了，故而[B]選項(xiàng)是正確選項(xiàng)。

　　24、[答案][D] indicates the overvaluing of higher education

　　[解析]根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“headlong push”以及“bachelor’s degree”直接定位到文章第六段第一句話。根據(jù)第一句話“But the headlong push into bachelor’s degree for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—misses an important point： That’s not the only thing the American economy needs”(大力推動(dòng)學(xué)士學(xué)位—以及低估其他任何方面—使得人們忽略了非常重要的一點(diǎn)：這并不是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)所唯一需要的)，可初步確定正確選項(xiàng)為D“indicates the overvaluing of higher education”(高估了高等教育)。另外，第二句先是認(rèn)可了這種做法的好處：“Yes， a bachelor degree opens more doors”(學(xué)士學(xué)位為本科生打開(kāi)了更多扇門)。但是，第三行最后出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折詞But，說(shuō)明后面內(nèi)容一定是負(fù)面情感取向，是“bachelor degree”沒(méi)能解決的問(wèn)題，因此，D選項(xiàng)為正確答案。

　　25、[答案][A] supportive

　　[解析]本題考查作者的態(tài)度。一般最后一段凸顯作者的態(tài)度， 第一句話“Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call�！闭f(shuō)明“Koziatek學(xué)校為我們敲響了警鐘”。第二句話“When education becomes one-size-fits-all， it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts”表明“當(dāng)教育適合所有人的時(shí)候，它同樣也造成一種危險(xiǎn)，即容易忽視國(guó)家的人才多元化�！蓖瑫r(shí)我們也注意到第七段最后一句話說(shuō)“… is to fill the gap。”(Koziatek學(xué)校正試圖填補(bǔ)這一空白)， 說(shuō)明作者的態(tài)度是支持性的，即supportive。因此，A選項(xiàng)是正確答案。

掃描/長(zhǎng)按二維碼關(guān)注可獲取考研答案

獲取2018考研真題答案

獲取2018考研成績(jī)查詢

獲取2018考研分?jǐn)?shù)線

獲取2018考研調(diào)劑信息

考研萬(wàn)題庫(kù)下載丨微信搜索"萬(wàn)題庫(kù)考研"

　　相關(guān)推薦：

　　2018年考研答案 ※ 2018年考研真題 ※ 考研萬(wàn)題庫(kù)估分

　　2018考研政治答案 ※ 考研英語(yǔ)答案 ※ 2018考研數(shù)學(xué)答案

　　直播解析：2018考研真題答案解析 ※ 關(guān)注考研微信對(duì)答案

　　2018考研成績(jī)查詢時(shí)間 ※ 微信查分提醒 ※考研復(fù)試分?jǐn)?shù)線