2013年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)完型填空練習(xí)題

　　Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories ___1___ on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior ___2___ they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through ___3___ with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in ___4___ to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, ___5___ as a rejection of middle-class values.

　　Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, ___6___ the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes ___7___ lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are ___8___ to criticism.

　　Changes in the social structure may indirectly ___9___ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that ___10___ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment ___11___ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in ___12___ lead more youths into criminal behavior.

　　Families have also ___13___ changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents; ___14___, children are likely to have less supervision at home ___15___ was common in the traditional family ___16___. This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates.

　　Other ___17___ causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased ___18___ of drugs and alcohol, and the growing ___19___ of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, ___20___ a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

　　1. [A] acting[B] relying[C] centerin[D] cementing

　　2. [A] before[B] unless[C] until[D] because

　　3. [A] interaction[B] assimilation[C] cooperation[D] consultation

　　4. [A] return[B] reply[C] reference[D] response

　　5. [A] or[B] but rather[C] but[D] or else

　　6. [A] considering[B] ignoring[C] highlighting[D] discarding

　　7. [A] on[B] in[C] for[D] with

　　8. [A] immune[B] resistant[C] sensitive[D] subject

　　9. [A] affect[B] reduce[C] check[D] reflect

　　10. [A] point[B] lead[C] come[D] amount

　　11. [A] in general[B] on average[C] by contrast[D] at length

　　12. [A] case[B] short[C] turn[D] essence

　　13. [A] survived[B] noticed[C] undertaken[D] experienced

　　14. [A] contrarily[B] consequently[C] similarly[D] simultaneously

　　15. [A] than[B] that[C] which[D] as

　　16. [A] system[B] structure[C] concept[D] heritage

　　17. [A] assessable[B] identifiable[C] negligible[D] incredible

　　18. [A] expense[B] restriction[C] allocation[D] availability

　　19. [A] incidence[B] awareness[C] exposure[D] popularity

　　20. [A] provided[B] since[C] although[D] supposing

　　答案精解

　　1.[C] centering on 　意為：以…為中心/重點(diǎn)”，act on(按照…行事);rely on(依賴于);comment on(評(píng)論、評(píng)述)。

　　2.[D] because (由于，因?yàn)?　　引導(dǎo)由or連接著的兩個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。

　　3.[A ]interaction (互動(dòng))　　assimilation(同化，吸收);cooperation(合作); consultation(咨詢)。

　　4.[D] response (反應(yīng)，答復(fù)) 　“(in) response (to) …”(對(duì)……的行為反應(yīng))。

　　5.[A]or(或者)�？崭窈骯s引導(dǎo)的為原因狀語(yǔ)，與 in response to 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)并列，都是“孩子們犯罪”的原因，用or 連接。

　　6.[B] ignoring (忽略，忽視)　　considering (考慮);highlighting(強(qiáng)調(diào)，突出);discarding(扔掉，拋棄)。

　　7.[C] for (因?yàn)�，由�? for lack of 意為“由于缺少…”， on, in, with均不能和 lack搭配使用。

　　8.[D] subject (易遭受到……)。be subjedt to意為“受…支配;遭受…影響”， be immune to(不易受…影響); be resistant to(對(duì)…有抵制力)。

　　9.[A] affect (影響)。

　　10.[B] lead lead to導(dǎo)致， point to(指向); amount to(總數(shù)達(dá)……)。

　　11.[A] in general 一般地，大體上; on average (平均，通常); by contrast (相比而言); at length (最后;詳盡地;長(zhǎng)久地)。

　　12.[C] (in) turn 反過(guò)來(lái)。本題答案線索是：社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)變化→青年失業(yè)或難找工作→青年的不滿情緒→青年的犯罪。這是一個(gè)因果關(guān)系的鏈條。in case(以防萬(wàn)一); in short(簡(jiǎn)言之); in essence(在本質(zhì)上)。

　　13.[D] experienced (經(jīng)歷) 　　undertaken(承擔(dān);從事)。

　　14.[B] consequently(結(jié)果，因此)　contrarily(相反); simultaneously(同時(shí)地)。

　　15.[A ] than(比)這是比較級(jí)“l(fā)ess … than”結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　16.[B] structure (結(jié)構(gòu))。

　　17.[B] identifiable (可辨認(rèn)的;可看作是相同的)。assessable (可評(píng)價(jià)或評(píng)估的); negligible (可以忽略的，不予重視的); incredible ( 難以置信的)。

　　18.[D] availability (可獲得性、可得到性)　　expense(開支，費(fèi)用);restriction(限制，局限);allocation(分配)。

　　19.[A] incidence (發(fā)生，影響)。Awareness(意識(shí));exposure(暴露);popularity(流行)。

　　20.[C] although (雖然，盡管)。