專家解析大學英語四級考試歷年閱讀真題(十二)

　　Still, exercise’s supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight.

　　If you have been sedentary (極少活動的) and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year’s time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.

　　26. What is said about the average American in the passage?

　　A) They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of “l(fā)ight” beer.

　　B) They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.

　　C) They prefer “l(fā)ight” beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food.

　　D) They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.(B)

　　27. Some people dislike exercise because ________.

　　A) they think it is physically exhausting

　　B) they find it hard to exercise while on a diet

　　C) they don’t think it possible to walk 3 miles every day

　　D) they find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome(B)

　　28. “Even exercise professionals concede half a point here” (Line 3, Para. 2) means “They ________”.

　　A) agree that the calories in a small piece of pastry can be difficult to work off by exercise

　　B) partially believe diet plays a supporting role in weight reduction

　　C) are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one’s new weight

　　D) are not sufficiently informed of the positive role of exercise in losing weight(B)

　　29. What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center’s study?

　　A) Controlling one’s calorie intake is more important than doing exercise.

　　B) Even occasional exercise can help reduce weight.

　　C) Weight reduction is impossible without exercise.

　　D) One could lose ten pounds in a year’s time if there’s no increase in food intake.(C)

　　30. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article?

　　A) To justify the study of the Boston University Medical Center.

　　B) To stress the importance of maintaining proper weight.

　　C) To support the statement made by York Onnen.

　　D) To show the most effective way to lose weight.(D)

　　本文講的是身體鍛煉在減肥中的作用。全部材料共四個段落，各論述不同方面的內(nèi)容。前兩段可以作為一個整體，主要講許多人在減肥時只節(jié)食不鍛煉的事實(第一段)和原因(第二段);后兩段也可以做為一個整體，主要論述材料的核心觀點：體育鍛煉對減肥的重要性，第三段從正面強調(diào)了這一觀點，最后一段以走路為例對這一觀點做了支持。

　　第一段指出了許多減肥中的美國人對體育鍛煉不夠重視的事實，引出材料的論題。第一句話實際上就已經(jīng)提出了文章的中心論點：鍛煉是對長期保持體重起積極作用的少有因素之一(Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight)，只是文章沒有馬上對這個觀點進行正面論述，而是先列出美國人普遍存在的不鍛煉現(xiàn)象，以反托正。這里需要注意幾點信息，一是鍛煉對減肥的幫助體現(xiàn)在較長時期上，最后一段的例子也是圍繞這一信息的。二是這里討論的鍛煉只針對于重視節(jié)食的減肥人群，不是普通人。

　　第二段解釋了減肥人群不重視身體鍛煉的原因。作者用數(shù)據(jù)說話：精神抖擻地步行3英里才只消耗掉一個小甜餅的熱量——275卡路里(briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories)。而后用專業(yè)人士的話做以總結(jié)：身體鍛煉費力不討好(a very tough way to lose weight)。

　　最后二段從正面對身體鍛煉在減肥中的作用做了論述。作者引用波士頓大學醫(yī)療中心的研究成果，指出不鍛煉的人的體重多數(shù)會反彈(those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight)，而鍛煉的人則不會(those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight)。然后以走路為例向人們說明身體鍛煉確實對減肥有所幫助。