大學(xué)英語四級閱讀理解命題規(guī)律應(yīng)試技巧(1)

　　大學(xué)英語四六級考試閱讀理解部分是眾多考生最為擔(dān)心的部分。此部分得分高低，對整個考試的成功與否起著決定性作用。閱讀理解不僅考查學(xué)生的詞匯量、語法知識、閱讀速度等基本功，而且還考查學(xué)生判斷、推理、歸納、總結(jié)等綜合能力。閱讀理解題雖說對考生要求較高，但我們在深入研究歷屆四六級閱讀理解真題后發(fā)現(xiàn)，閱讀理解的命題考點和測試題型均有一定的內(nèi)在規(guī)律�？忌�只要基本功尚可，然后掌握了這些規(guī)律，其應(yīng)試技巧必將大大提高，從而在眾多強手中脫穎而出。

　　命題考點規(guī)律及其對應(yīng)題型

　　分析研究英語四六級考試閱讀理解歷屆考題，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)命題者命制的考點是有一定規(guī)律的，且考點規(guī)律常與某種題型(主旨題、細節(jié)題、邏輯題、觀點態(tài)度題、詞義題)相對應(yīng)。如果考生掌握了這些規(guī)律，就能在第一遍快速閱讀短文時，敏銳地捕捉到考點并能預(yù)測可能會出的題型�？忌�此時應(yīng)用筆在這些可能會出題的考點輕輕劃上記號，等看完短文開始做題時，針對題干的提問，迅速找到做記號的考點，再仔細分析、答題。這樣，考生就能節(jié)省不少時間，從而避免開始做題時又要通閱全文盲目找考點。下面，我們結(jié)合歷屆四六級真題和大學(xué)英語四六級考試90分突破《閱讀與簡答》分冊(王長喜主編，學(xué)苑出版社，以下簡稱《分冊》)，將這些考點規(guī)律及對應(yīng)題型歸納如下：

　　1、列舉處�？�

　　列舉處指的是First,…，second,…，Third,…等逐步列出，然后要求考生從列舉出的內(nèi)容中，選出符合題干要求的答案項。該考點常出題型是"細節(jié)事實題"。

　　例1. At third big difference between the drama

　　detective and the real one is the unpleasant

　　pressures: firstly, as members of a police force

　　they always have to be have absolutely in

　　accordance with the law. Secondly, as expensive

　　public servants they have to get results. They can

　　hardly do both. Most of the time some of them have

　　to break the rules in small ways.

　　Q: What's the policeman's biggest headache?

　　(A) He has to get the most desirable results

　　without breaking the law in any way.

　　(B) He has to justify his arrests while unable

　　to provide sufficient evidence in most cases.

　　(C) He can hardly find enough time to learn

　　criminal law while burdened with numerous criminal

　　cases.

　　(D) He has to provide the best possible public

　　service at the least possible

　　expense.(分析：選A。屬事實細節(jié)題。依據(jù)文章，與電影中的警察很不相同的是，現(xiàn)實中警察既要絕對遵守法(firstly,…),又要及時破案(secondly,…),這令他們很難兩頭兼顧，有時只有犯規(guī)。很明顯，B、C、D三項都與文章內(nèi)容不符。)

　　在做此類細節(jié)事實題時，只要把細節(jié)考點(firstly,…secondly…)找到，對照選項內(nèi)容，跟細節(jié)事實不一致的就不是選項�？忌�只需細心一點都能辨清細節(jié)事實，選對答案。

　　例2.I believe we have a three-part mission for

　　the present.First, we must continue to press for

　　improvements in the quality of life that people

　　can make for themselves . Second，we mast

　　investigate and understand the link between

　　environment and health. Third，we must be able to

　　communicate technical information in a form that

　　citizens can understand.If we can accomplish these

　　three goals in this decade，maybe we can finally

　　stop environmental degradation, and not merely

　　hold it back. We will then be able to spend

　　pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than

　　on barrages.

　　Q:which of the following is true according to

　　the last paragraph?

　　(A)Efforts should be exerted on pollution

　　prevention instead of on remedial measures.

　　(B)More money should be spent in order to stop

　　pollution.

　　(C)Ordinary citizens have no access to technical

　　information on pollution.

　　(D)Envionmental degradation will be stopped by

　　the end of this

　　decade.(分析：選A。屬事實細節(jié)題。專生只要看懂了文章內(nèi)容三個方面，很容易排除掉B、C、D三項。)

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