文都06年春季四級(jí)詞匯講義——重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法

6．形容詞和副詞

1）形容詞的詞序：限定詞（冠詞，代詞，所有格形式）+數(shù)詞或last, next等+一般描述性形容詞+大小，長(zhǎng)短，高低+形狀+年齡，新舊+顏色+國(guó)籍，地區(qū)，出處+物質(zhì)材料+用途，類別+名詞中心詞

a bright red silk dress, a beautiful large green Chinese carpet

2）比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

old (older, oldest, elder, eldest), far (farther, farthest, further, furthest), superior

     3) 形容詞的主動(dòng)和被動(dòng)

        surprised, surprising

  7. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞    

You __________ him so closely; you should have kept your distance. (2000. 1)

A) shouldn’t have been following        B) couldn’t have been following

C) mustn’t follow                     D) shouldn’t follow

  8. 連詞

1）并列連詞：and, but, yet, for, so, while, whereas, or, as well as, rather than, either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also

2）從屬連詞：

（1）引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：when, whenever, as, since, till, until, before, after, as soon as, once, the moment, the instant, immediately, the day, no sooner...than, hardly/scarcely...when, instantly, every time, the minute, the second

（2）地點(diǎn)：where, wherever, everywhere

（3）條件：if, unless, providing/provided (that), as long as, so long as, on condition that, suppose, supposing that, in case, if only

（4）原因：because, as, since, now that, seeing (that), considering (that), in view of, in that

（5）讓步：though, although, even if, even though, as, while, whatever, wherever, whoever, however, no matter..., granting/granted (that), in spite of, despite

（6）比較：as...as, the same as, not so as, than

（7）方式：as, as if, as though, the way

（8）目的：that, so that, lest, in case, for fear that, in order that

（9）結(jié)果：so that, so...that, such...that, to such a degree/extent that

__________ receiving financial support from family, community or the government is allowed, it is never admired. (2001. 1)

A) As            B) Once           C) Although         D) Lest

__________ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight. (1999. 6)

A) For            B) Since           C) Before          D) While

  9. 代詞

As __________ announced in today’s papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays.

A) being           B) is           C) to be             D) been

 10. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型

__________ she realized it was too late to go home. (2000. 1)

A) No sooner it grew dark than         B) Hardly did it grow dark that

C) Scarcely had it grown dark than      D) It was not until dark that

 11. 平行結(jié)構(gòu)（排比）

I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than __________ a room with someone else. (2001. 1)

A) share           B) to share       C) sharing         D) to have shared

 12. 獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)

1）名詞/代詞+分詞

A new technique __________, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent. (1990. 1)

A) working out               B) having worked out 

C) having been worked out     D) to have been worked out

2）With+名詞/代詞+done/doing

After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys __________ to go to school. (1997. 1)

A) to be encouraged           B) being encouraged

C) been encouraged           D) be encouraged