2015年中考英語(yǔ)看圖填詞解題技巧及配套試題

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　　看圖填詞是綜合能力測(cè)試題，它不僅檢測(cè)學(xué)生能否把所學(xué)的各項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)用于實(shí)踐，而且也考查學(xué)生的觀察能力、閱讀理解能力及邏輯思維能力。

　　看圖填詞解題技巧如下：

　　(1 )迅速瀏覽全圖與全文，明確本題的主要意思。只有在了解主題的前提下才能對(duì)空格有的放矢地選填恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~。本題考查的是學(xué)生的綜合能力，因此在解題遇到困難的時(shí)候，不要僅僅盯著這一空，還要讀下去。這樣可以更好地理解全文，因?yàn)楹竺娴男畔⑼�往有助于�?duì)前面細(xì)節(jié)的理解，從而有利于對(duì)主題思想的領(lǐng)悟。

　　(2)盯著“目標(biāo)”，細(xì)看圖。因本題的設(shè)項(xiàng)來(lái)源于圖，在做題時(shí)切不可忽略圖中的信息點(diǎn)�？磮D時(shí)不僅要看整體，還要看細(xì)節(jié)，在細(xì)節(jié)方面要掌握?qǐng)D中的人物的身份、態(tài)度表情和意圖。由于本題是以圖的形式講述一個(gè)故事，在“讀”這個(gè)故事時(shí)，還要注意到故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及天氣。值得一提的是表示時(shí)間的名詞如星期、月份、季節(jié)等，描寫(xiě)天氣的有關(guān)形容詞，描寫(xiě)人的喜怒哀樂(lè) (happy, sad, laugh, cry) 和描寫(xiě)人的外表( tall, short, fat, thin, y oun g old)及人的動(dòng)作等詞。這些詞和圖中的故事是息息相關(guān)的。在考查地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)，圖中一定會(huì)給予暗示，例如：99年的浙江中考題中就出現(xiàn)“魚(yú)市”的提示來(lái)考“market”一詞。當(dāng)確定所要填的詞意時(shí)，要盯住用法和寫(xiě)法，要考慮到時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、詞性及慣用法等，填入句中的詞必須完整正確。

　　(3)先易后難，多方位考慮。由于有圖幫助你理解，個(gè)別空格填不出，也可以先做下面的題。做完較容易的題目之后，再集中精力思考那些難題。有的難題可能只知其意而不會(huì)寫(xiě)，這時(shí)要從多方位考慮。英語(yǔ)中一意多詞表達(dá)法比較多，只要考生能根據(jù)詞意填入正確的詞即可。因此在明確空格詞意后，可以把表達(dá)此意的有關(guān)的詞在腦海中羅列出來(lái)，找出最好的和最有把握的詞填進(jìn)去，這樣難度就大大地降低了。

　　(4)復(fù)讀圖文，復(fù)查核定。復(fù)查文與圖是否一致，所填的句子意思是否正確，結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，上下文是否連貫，語(yǔ)法上是否正確，及拼寫(xiě)是否對(duì)。對(duì)有不清楚的地方一定要仔細(xì)考慮，盡力做到準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤。

　　實(shí)例分析：

　　看圖寫(xiě)話：根據(jù)圖示填上正確的詞，每空只填一詞。

　　1.Xiao Ming and Xiao Fang are students of No.1 Middle School .Last Friday, 1 school, they went home 2 happily.

　　2.Suddenly, they saw a wallet(錢(qián)包) 3 on the road. Xiao Fang picked up.

　　3. They thought they should give it 4 to the owner(失主) of the wallet. And they 5 there till it was dark.

　　4.The owner didn’t come, 6 they had to hand it in to a policeman.

　　5. The 7 morning, the headmaster and the owner came to Xiao Fang and Xiao Ming’s classroom.

　　6. The owner said lots of thanks to them and offered(送) a letter of thanks to the headmaster. The headmaster praised(表?yè)P(yáng))them for 8 they had done and called on (號(hào)召) the 9 students to 10 from them.

　　[評(píng)析]：本題屬于看圖填詞題�？忌�首先應(yīng)認(rèn)真看圖，把握每個(gè)圖的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，然后將圖、文對(duì)比參照進(jìn)行分析、比較，就可準(zhǔn)確推斷出所應(yīng)填寫(xiě)的單詞詞義，接著依據(jù)語(yǔ)法確定所填詞的正確詞形。從圖1可以看到小明和小芳肩并肩背著書(shū)包，面帶笑容地走出學(xué)校，可以判定放學(xué)后他們很高興地一同回家。根據(jù)這一信息可在第一和第二空填上after和together。從圖2可以看到路上有一錢(qián)包，小芳正俯下身去把它撿起。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，錢(qián)包后應(yīng)有一個(gè)后置定語(yǔ)，所以第三空格應(yīng)填lying。圖3呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)畫(huà)面，小明和小芳并肩站著，小芳手里還捧著錢(qián)包，他們?cè)陟o靜地等人。此時(shí)遠(yuǎn)處的太陽(yáng)已隱到山后。根據(jù)圖示情景及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，可以確定第四空格應(yīng)填入back。而第五空格在填入動(dòng)詞stay時(shí)應(yīng)考慮前、后文的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，所以必須填stayed。圖4顯示小明和小芳一起將錢(qián)包交給警察。在第六空格填入so，這是從前、后句子的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)判定的。圖5中小明和小芳正在上課，這時(shí)校長(zhǎng)和失主走進(jìn)教室。根據(jù)邏輯推理這是第二天發(fā)生的事情，所以可在第七空格填上next。圖6顯示校長(zhǎng)在念感謝信，結(jié)合文字部分的意思，可在第八、九、十空格上依次填入what, other, learn。在十個(gè)空格內(nèi)都填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~后，再對(duì)照各圖，將完成的短文重新認(rèn)真審讀一遍，看短文內(nèi)容是否連貫通順，所填詞形是否語(yǔ)法正確。本題正確答案為：after, together, lying, back, stayed, so, next, what, other, learn。

　　實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)

　　1

　　看圖填詞：請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖中的提示，在短文的橫線上填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文的意思完整與正確，每空一詞。(本大題共10分，每空1分)

　　Li Lei 1 a student. He usually gets up early. But this morning he got up 2 . It was already 3 o'clock. He had no time to have his breakfast. He said goodbye to his 4

　　and hurried out. He 5 to school quickly by 6 . When he 7 to the school gate, he found it was 8 . Suddenly he 9 it was 10 . He had already forgotten that.

　　2

　　看圖寫(xiě)話：根據(jù)圖畫(huà)所提供的語(yǔ)景，在空格中填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使其意思完整、語(yǔ)法正確，每空格限填一個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。(10分)

　　1.It was late last Monday, but Tom was still 1 TV in his room. There was a wonderful football match on TV. 2 excited(激動(dòng)的)he was! That night he 3 go to bed until twelve o'clock.

　　2.The next morning, it was a 4 to eight. It was too late for Tom to get to school 5 time. But he was still in bed.

　　3.When Tom 6 school, it was eight. The teacher was already beginning her lesson. As soon as Tom came into the classroom, she got 7 and said,“What time is it now, Tom?”Tom felt sorry and could say 8 .

　　4.In English class, he 9 a test. As he didn't know the lessons at 10 , Tom failed his English test.

　　3

　　根據(jù)圖畫(huà)內(nèi)容，在下面短文的空格中填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使短文完整、正確、通順(每個(gè)空格限填一個(gè)單詞)。

　　Meimei can't go to school today because she isn't feeling well. Mum asked her to stay in 1 . This morning Meimei went to the 2 3 together with Mum. The doctor asked Meimei to 4 her 5 and 6 “Ah.”He looked over Meimei carefully. It was 7 serious. So the doctor said to her,“You've caught a bit of cold. Take this 8 9 times a day and drink more 10 . You'll feel better soon.”

　　4

　　請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面四幅圖的提示在橫線上填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使短文意思完整與正確。每空一詞。

　　It was 1 yesterday. I 2 3 at 4 past six in the morning. We 5 6 the West Hill Park to 7 trees. As soon as we got there, we began to work. I dug holes and Li Ming 8 the trees in them. We worked hard the whole day.

　　5

　　看圖用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成句子。

　　Yesterday Li Lei felt very weak. He had a cold. Doctor said to him, “Take the 1 2 times a day. Drink more 3 every day. From now on 4 need to get up early and do morning 5 .”

　　6

　　根據(jù)下列四幅圖所示，在每個(gè)空格內(nèi)填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞，使句子完整與正確。

　　1 is the best season of the years. 2 begins to 3 It's very hot in 4 . Swimming is the best 5 in this season. 6 is a harvest season. Farmers are usually very 7 in the season. It's very 8 in winter. People need to 9 more clothes. We like to 10 skating on the ice.

　　實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)答案：

　　1.

　　1.is 2.late 3.nine 4.mother 5.hurried 6.bike 7.got 8.closed 9.remembered 10.Sunday

　　2.

　　1.watching 2.How 3.didn't 4.quarter 5.on 6.reached 7.angry 8.nothing 9.had 10.all

　　3.

　　1.bed 2.Children's 3.Hospital 4.open 5.mouth6.say 7.nothing 8.medicine 9.three 10.water

　　4.

　　1.Sunday 2.got 3.up 4.half 5.went 6.to 7.plant 8.put

　　5.

　　1.medicine 2.three 3.water 4.you 5.exercises

　　6.

　　1.Spring 2.Plant(Everything) 3.grow 4.summer 5.sport 6.Autumn 7.busy 8.cold 9.wear 10.go

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