2015中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解解題技巧及配套試題

　　(三)閱讀下面短文，然后回答文后問(wèn)題。

　　Taking exams always makes me nervous.What about you? Here are some suggestions that my friend offers me.

　　Preparing for exams

　　The most important part of preparing for an exam is to know what to study.Review subjects you've spent a long time on during classes，look through what you were asked to read and topics of essays and homework，or ask your teachers to see if they can give a few suggestions.Once you know what to study，the next is to know how to study.

　　Arriving at an exam

　　How you arrive at an exam will decide how you take your exam.Be sure to arrive：Early.

　　With a full stomach.

　　Well rested.

　　With all the things you will need for the exam.

　　Having your own exam habits

　　Before you begin your exam，be sure to：Set up your things close by.

　　Put your name and other identification information on your exam-answer sheet.

　　Read all the directions.

　　Make a brief plan about how you will divide your time between sections.

　　Take a few deep breaths every time you feel nervous.

　　If you prepare well for your exam，arrive confidently and settle in before you begin.Don't spend more time on a question that you should unless you're ahead of schedule(時(shí)間表).

　　根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下面的問(wèn)題。

　　1.What is the most important before you take an exam?

　　_________________________________________________________

　　2.Should you arrive at an exam early or on time?

　　_________________________________________________________

　　3.What should you do if you feel nervous just before an exam?

　　_________________________________________________________

　　4.How would you feel if you got everything ready?

　　_________________________________________________________

　　答案分析：

　　1.to know what to study 根據(jù)建議一可知，考前最重要的就是要知道學(xué)什么。

　　2.Early 根據(jù)建議二可知，考試時(shí)要提前到。

　　3.Take a few deep breaths 根據(jù)建議三可知，考前緊張是要深吸一口氣，能緩解緊張的心情。

　　4.Confident.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容可知，一切準(zhǔn)備就緒，你就會(huì)很自信。

　　三、題材分析

　　(一)家庭、朋友與個(gè)人情況

　　在中考閱讀理解中，記敘文閱讀題目的考查難度逐年增加，多使用貼近學(xué)生生活的素材，多以故事形式出現(xiàn)。針對(duì)這種題型主要抓四大要素，即時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件的起因、發(fā)展和結(jié)果，以及人物之間的關(guān)系，從中分析他們的思想品質(zhì)、性格特征等;理解文章大意后，找出關(guān)鍵的句子和一些與考查內(nèi)容有關(guān)的問(wèn)題所在，這樣，便于我們解題時(shí)“順藤摸瓜”，找出問(wèn)題的答案。

　　這類閱讀一般是對(duì)文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的關(guān)鍵句和關(guān)鍵詞是非常重要的。

　　做題思路：先看清題干，帶著問(wèn)題讀文章，明確把握問(wèn)題指向，避免“回視”現(xiàn)象，提高做題的速度。

　　例如：

　　1990 was a significant year in world events.In February，Nelson Mandela was set free after 27 years in prison.In October，East and West Germany became one country again.Then at the end of 1990，the World Wide Web was born.For this final event we have one man to thank，Tim Berners Lee，the father of the Web.

　　Berners Lee was born on June 8，1955 in London，England.His parents，both computer designers，encouraged him to think and work creatively as he grew up.He was an excellent student and naturally took an interest in computers and science.

　　After graduating from Oxford University，Tim went to work at a science research centre in Switzerland.There he developed some of the different systems that would later become the Web.The first was HTML，the computer language used to make web pages.The second was an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and send and receive information.In 1990，while still at the science centre in Switzerland，he put them together to make the first Internet browser(瀏覽器).It could run on any computer and allowed people to creat website to share their information with the rest of the world.

　　Tim knew that the more people used the Web，the more useful it would be.He wasn't interested in money but knowledge，so he gave out his invention for free to anyone who was interested.Many were interested and the growth of the Internet began.

　　Today Tim works as a professor at the MIT in America，researching new and interesting ways to use the Web.He has received many awards from governments and organizations for his efforts.He is still not very interested in money.That is why he is so admired by his students and workmates.It may also be one of the reasons that few people outside the world of technology know his name.

　　閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最佳答案。

　　( ) 1.The underlined word "significant" (in Paragraph 1) most probably means "_________".

　　A.strange B.terrible C.important D.difficult

　　( ) 2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

　　A.The address system was used to make web pages.

　　B.The World Wide Web was created in Switzerland.

　　C.The first web browser was very expensive to buy.

　　D.Many people could use the Internet before 1990.

　　( ) 3.What can we learn about Berners Lee from the passage?

　　A.He was encouraged to be creative.

　　B.He didn't do well at school.

　　C.He is a very poor businessman.

　　D.He is well known all over the world.

　　( ) 4.Where does Berners Lee live today?

　　A.England. B.Switzerland. C.America. D.Canada.

　　( ) 5.What is the passage mainly about?

　　A.The events that took place in 1990.

　　B.The history of the Internet.

　　C.The invention of the Internet browser.

　　D.The man who created the Word Wide Web

　　答案解析：

　　1.C 根據(jù)第一段第三、四句話可知，發(fā)生在 1990 年的世界事件：東西德統(tǒng)一，World Wide Web 的誕生。由此我們不難推測(cè)出，significant 是指“重要，重大”。故選 C。

　　2.B 根據(jù)第三段“...an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and send and receive information...”可知選項(xiàng) A 與此不符;根據(jù)第四段可知，Tim 只對(duì)知識(shí)感興趣而對(duì)金錢并不感興趣，因此他免費(fèi)貢獻(xiàn)出他的發(fā)明 web browser，故選項(xiàng) C 不正確;根據(jù)第一段，我們知道 web 是在 1990 年誕生的，因此 1990 年前，人們不可能使用 web，故排除 D。所以正確答案為 B。

　　3.A 根據(jù)第二段可知，Tim 學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)優(yōu)秀，故排除 B;文中沒(méi)有提 Tim 是個(gè)商人，故排除 C;根據(jù)最后一段最后一句話“...few people outside the world of technology know his name.”可知 Tim 并非世界聞名，故排除 D。根據(jù)文中第二段“...encouraged him to think and work creatively...”可知正確答案為 A。

　　4.C 根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知 Tim 現(xiàn)在住在美國(guó)。

　　5.D 這篇文章主要介紹的是 Web 之父 Tim Berners Lee.

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