英語閱讀一般有六種題型:猜詞題、細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題、例證題、態(tài)度題和主旨題,要拿分,這幾種題型的解題技巧和方法一定要掌握了,把握一些解題的規(guī)律,才能高效率的復(fù)習(xí),拿高分。下面就分別詳細(xì)談?wù)勥@六種題型解題關(guān)鍵。
一、猜詞題解題技巧
猜詞題主要考查考生對于文章中的某個(gè)詞語、詞組、句子等的意思的理解和猜測,其主要目的在于考察考生們的英語語言基本功?佳杏⒄Z閱讀的猜詞題可以大致分為四類:
(1)猜測某個(gè)單詞的意思,這個(gè)單詞有可能是超綱詞匯,也有可能是一個(gè)熟悉單詞的不熟悉用法;
(2)猜測某個(gè)詞組的意思,這個(gè)詞組中可能包含了某個(gè)超綱詞匯,或者是一個(gè)熟悉單詞的特殊搭配;
(3)猜測某個(gè)句子的含義,這個(gè)句子一般結(jié)構(gòu)不會(huì)非常復(fù)雜,不是長難句,但是其中可能包含了一些超綱詞匯或者特殊的詞組、習(xí)語、典故、成語等,此外這個(gè)句子也可能是引自文中某個(gè)人的話;
(4)猜測某個(gè)詞語的指代含義,如it, this , that, which, these, those 等。例如:
The word “mania” (line 4, paragraph 2) most probably means.
The word “bummer” (line 5, paragraph 5) most probably means something .
The word “talking” (line 6, paragraph 3) denotes.
The expression “tip service” (line3, paragraph3 ) most probably means.
The phrase “making the biggest splash” (line 1, paragraph 3) most probably means.
By saying “these figures are conservative” (line 3, paragraph 3), Dr. Worm means that.
By “Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nails just yet” (line 1, paragraph 1), the author means.
When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling, he means.
The word “it” (line 3, para 2) most probably refers to .
解題關(guān)鍵: 該單詞并不重要,重要的是上下文,如果該單詞認(rèn)識,并且不超綱,那么他的字面意思絕對不是正確答案。其正確答案是根據(jù)上下文推出的更深層的含義。
猜詞題正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn) :在文章中必能根據(jù)線索找到該選項(xiàng)的同義詞、近義詞、反義詞、原詞、概括詞或其解釋說明等。
猜詞題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn): 字面意思。
二、細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧
細(xì)節(jié)題的提問方式一般都兩種形式,即不完整的陳述句和完整的問句形式。在陳述句中,常用的引出問題的詞語或者詞組包括from, because of, by, according to 等。在問句中,常用的疑問詞包括what, which, where, who, when, how (五個(gè)“W”一個(gè)“H”),如:
In contrast to the US, Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care
Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is
The emergence of the Net has
To make your humor work, you should
According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because
The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because
What is the myth concerning giant dams?
Why does CarreerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?
How did Redmond find his job?
解題關(guān)鍵 :根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞,返回原文,準(zhǔn)確定位。
細(xì)節(jié)題正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn):同意替換、正話反說、反話正說、委婉性、概括性。
細(xì)節(jié)題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn):
照抄原文,但是卻故意改變其中的一兩個(gè)起決定性作用的關(guān)鍵詞語,從而改變句意,或者把原文的意思進(jìn)行擴(kuò)大或者縮小,即去掉原文部分的意思,或者擴(kuò)大原文某個(gè)表述的外延,此即“偷換概念”;
與原文的意思或者邏輯關(guān)系相反,此即“正反混淆”;
與原文的因果關(guān)系相反,此即“因果倒置”;
把關(guān)于A的細(xì)節(jié)放到B上面,從而干擾考生閱讀后的記憶,此即“張冠李戴”;
使用一些表示絕對性意思的詞,此即“過于絕對”;
一些與原文無關(guān)的、或者在原文中根本沒有出現(xiàn)過的信息,此即“無中生有”。
三、推斷題解題技巧
推斷題考查的都是最簡單的推理判斷能力,不會(huì)涉及到復(fù)雜的推理和判斷。推理判斷題的題干中一般都包含了若干標(biāo)志性詞匯,如suggest, imply, infer,indicate等,例如:
The 4th paragraph suggests that.
What can we infer from the first three paragraphs?
It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that.
Speaking of the online technology available for marketing, the author implies that.
解題關(guān)鍵 :
(1)絕大多數(shù)推斷題答案是文章中心或原文某句話的同意替換,正確答案與原文之間基本上不存在推理關(guān)系,實(shí)際上類似于細(xì)節(jié)題;
(2)做題時(shí)不能想的太多,推的太遠(yuǎn),是否能把原文看懂才是關(guān)鍵。
推斷題正確選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn):概括性、委婉性、同意替換、正話反說、反話正說。
推斷題干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn):無中生有、過于絕對、張冠李戴、偷換概念、因果倒置、正反混淆、照抄原文、主觀臆斷、推理過度。
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