十一、主謂一致問題

　　主謂一致是指主語與謂語在數(shù)上要一致。把握主謂一致問題，考生主要解決的是對不同結(jié)構(gòu)的主語單復(fù)數(shù)的認(rèn)定，進而選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語。

　　1.主謂一致常出現(xiàn)在主謂倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中。如：

　　Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.

　　Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facilities.

　　2.主語與謂語之間有定語從句或其他結(jié)構(gòu)修飾，所以距離較遠(yuǎn)，考生易誤認(rèn)主語。如：

　　The amount of pressure which the materials are subject to affects the quality of the products.

　　3.關(guān)系代詞做主語的定語從句中，謂語的數(shù)要與先行詞一致。如：

　　Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood.

　　There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but which do not bring a return in money to the community.

　　4.動名詞短語、不定式短語、名詞性從句做主語，謂語用單數(shù)。如：

　　Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her.

　　To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far.

　　5.主語帶有(together/along)with, such as, as well as, accompanied by, including, rather than 等附加成分, 謂語的數(shù)不受附加成分的影響。如：

　　The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.

　　6.表示時間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積等度量的名詞短語做主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。

　　7.某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中謂語的數(shù)：

　　a great many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)

　　many a + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù)

　　a number of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)

　　the number of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù)

　　the majority of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)

　　each/every +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù)

　　neither/either of +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù)

　　more than one +可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù)

　　one and a half +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語用單數(shù)

　　the greater part of

　　a large proportion of

　　50% of

　　謂語的數(shù)與of后面的名詞一致

　　one third of

　　plenty of

　　the rest of

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