Fluency with information technology (shortened as FITness) goes beyond traditional notions of computer literacy.Literacy about information technology might call for a minimal level of familiarity with technological tools like word processors，e-mail，and Web browsers.By contrast，F(xiàn)ITness requires that persons understand information technology broadly enough to be able to apply it productively at work and in their everyday lives，to recognize when information technology would assist or impede the achievement of a goal，and to continually adapt to the changes in and advancement of information technology.FITness therefore requires a deeper，more essential understanding and mastery of information technology for information processing，communication，and problem solving than does computer literacy as traditionally defined.Note also that FITness builds on many other fundamental competencies，such as logical reasoning and knowledge of society.

　　Information technology is a medium that permits the expression of a vast array of information，ideas，concepts，and messages，and FITness is about effectively exploiting that expressive power.FITness enables a person to accomplish a variety of different tasks using information technology and to develop different ways of accomplishing a given task.

　　FITness comes in degrees and gradations and is tied to different purposes.FITness is thus not an“end state”。but rather develops over a lifetime in particular domains of interest involving particular applications.Aspects of FITness can be developed by using spreadsheets for personal or professional budgeting，desktop publishing tools to create or edit documents or Web pages，search engines and database management tools for locating information on the Web or in large databases，and design tools to create visualizations in various scientific and engineering disciplines.

　　The wide variety of contexts in which FITness is relevant is matched by the rapid pace at which information technology evolves.Most professionals today require constant upgrading of technological skills as new tools become useful in their work;they learn new word processing programs，new computer-assisted design environments，or new techniques for searching the World Wide Web.Different applications of information technology emerge rather frequently，both in areas with long traditions of using information and information technology and in areas that are not usually seen as being technology-intensive.Perhaps the major challenge for individuals embarking on the goal of lifelong FITness involves deciding when to learn a new tool，when to change to a new technology，when to devote energy to increasing technological competency，and when to allocate time to other professional activities.

　　The above comments suggest that FITness is personal，graduated，and dynamic.FITness is personal in the sense that individuals evaluate，distinguish，learn，and use new information technology as appropriate to their own sustained personal and professional activities.What is appropriate for an individual depends on the particular applications，activities，and opportunities for FITness that are associated with the individual‘s area of interest or specialization，and what is reasonable for a FIT lawyer or a historian to know and be able to do may well differ from what is required for a FIT scientist or engineer.FITness is graduated in the sense that it is characterized by different levels of sophistication，and it is dynamic in that it requires lifelong learning as information technology evolves.

　　1. The primary difference between FITness and traditional notions of computer literary lies in____.

　　[A] the kind of technological tools to be mastered

　　[B] the range of knowledge about software

　　[C] the competency to effectively exploit the information technology

　　[D] the ability to sort out new information from old information

　　2. Information technology can best be defined as____.

　　[A] a maximal level of familiarity with technological tools

　　[B] effective application of information at work or in life

　　[C] a different way of using information to accomplish a task

　　[D] a medium by which diversified information is expressed

　　3. A person should constantly update his computer skills owing to____.

　　[A] the increasing flow of new information

　　[B] the rapid renewal of information technology

　　[C] the frequent transformation of modern life

　　[D] the major challenges put to him at workplace

　　4. The main idea of Paragraph 4 is that____.

　　[A] different working contexts demand different technological skills

　　[B] FITness is dynamic and requires lifelong learning

　　[C] FITness helps to achieve the goal of life

　　[D] Enough energy should be spent to increase technological competency

　　5. FITness is personal in the sense that____.

　　[A] it is up to an individual to decide what skill to develop first

　　[B] everyone should master technological skills in a step-by-step manner

　　[C] different technological skills are of different significance for individuals

　　[D] information technology means different things to different individuals

　　參考答案：

　　1. [B] 意為：有效利用信息技術的能力。

　　參閱第一段第三、四句，請?zhí)貏e注意其中的productively;第二段第一句中，請?zhí)貏e注意其中的effectively exploiting.

　　2. [D] 意為：傳送各種信息的媒介。參閱第二段第一句。

　　3. [B] 意為：信息技術的快速更新。

　　參閱第四段，尤其是其中的第一、二句，注意其中的information technology和new tools.

　　4. [B]本段的主題在本段第二句和最后一句表達得最清楚。

　　5. [C]參閱最后一段第二、三句。這里強調(diào)了每個人根據(jù)自己的需要掌握相應的技能的重要性。

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