2010年考研英語(yǔ)閱讀C模擬試題及答案

　　Part C

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

　　What has science learned about what makes people happy? More than one might imagine—along with some surprising things about what doesn’t ring our inner chimes. Take wealth, for instance, and all the delightful things that money can buy. (46) Research by scientists has shown that once your basic needs are met, additional income does little to raise your sense of satisfaction with life. A good education? Sorry, neither education nor, for that matter, a high IQ paves the road to happiness. Youth? No, again. In fact, older people are more consistently satisfied with their lives that the young. And they’re less prone to dark moods. Marriage? A complicated picture: married people are generally happier than singles, but that may be because they were happier to begin with。

　　On the positive side, friendship seems to genuinely lift the spirit. (47) A study found that the most salient characteristics shared by the 10% of students with the highest levels of happiness and the fewest signs of depression were their strong ties to friends and family and commitment to spending time with them。

　　Of course, happiness is not a static state. Even the happiest of people—the cheeriest 10%—feel blue at times. And even the bluest have their moments of joy. That has presented a challenge to social scientists trying to measure happiness. Researchers have devised several methods of assessment. One of the most basic and widely used tools is the Satisfaction with Life Scale. (48) Though some scholars have questioned the validity of this simple, five-question survey, it squares well with other measures of happiness, such as impressions from friends and family, expression of positive emotion and low incidence of depression。

　　(49) Adrian White from the University of Leicester has complied a map of global happiness, using responses to the Satisfaction with Life Scale questionnaire. (50) If you ask those questions of people in 180 nations and normalize the data so that your unhappiest country (Burundi) equals 100 and your happiest (Denmark) equals 273 and color code all countries by their happiness (darker equals happier)， you get this lovely map。

　　參考答案

　　Part C(10 points)

　　46.科學(xué)家的研究表明，一旦你的基本需求得到滿足，額外的收入對(duì)提高你生活滿意度的作用便微乎其微。

　　47.一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在快樂(lè)程度最高并且最沒(méi)有沮喪表現(xiàn)的學(xué)生群體中，有10%的人最顯著的特點(diǎn)就是和朋友、家庭成員聯(lián)系緊密，并且致力于花時(shí)間和他們呆在一起。

　　48.盡管一些學(xué)者對(duì)這種僅有五個(gè)問(wèn)題的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的有效性提出疑問(wèn)，但它與其他對(duì)快樂(lè)的測(cè)評(píng)方法表現(xiàn)出了一致性，例如來(lái)自朋友和家庭成員的印象、積極情緒的表達(dá)，以及沮喪情緒的低發(fā)生率。

　　49.萊斯特大學(xué)的艾德里安·懷特運(yùn)用人們對(duì)“生活滿意程度問(wèn)卷調(diào)查”的回答，編制了一張反應(yīng)全球快樂(lè)狀況的地圖。

　　50.如果你用上述問(wèn)題提問(wèn)180個(gè)國(guó)家的人民并且統(tǒng)一量化這些數(shù)據(jù)——最不快樂(lè)的國(guó)家布隆迪數(shù)值為100，最快樂(lè)的國(guó)家丹麥數(shù)值為273，然后安快樂(lè)水平用顏色深淺標(biāo)示(顏色越深，表示越快樂(lè))，你就回得到這張有趣的地圖了。

　　全文翻譯

　　什么東西使人感到快樂(lè)?科學(xué)對(duì)此有何了解?比人們所想想的要多。此外，對(duì)于并不能使人內(nèi)心震撼的事情，科學(xué)也有一些驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)。比如財(cái)富，以及一切可以用金錢(qián)買(mǎi)來(lái)的令人愉快的東西�？茖W(xué)家的研究表明，一旦你的基本需求得到滿足，額外的收入對(duì)提高你生活滿意度的作用便微乎其微。

　　良好的教育?抱歉，無(wú)論是教育還是智商，都不是通向快樂(lè)的途徑。年輕?又錯(cuò)了。事實(shí)上，年長(zhǎng)者比起年輕人對(duì)他們的生活更能感覺(jué)到持久的滿足，而且較少傾向于情緒失落�；橐�?這是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的情況：已婚人士大體比單身時(shí)要快了些，但可能因?yàn)樗麄冋�處于婚姻生活開(kāi)始的時(shí)候。

　　從積極的方面來(lái)講，友誼似乎會(huì)真正提高人的精神狀態(tài)。一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在快樂(lè)程度最高并且最沒(méi)有沮喪表現(xiàn)的學(xué)生群體中，有10%的人最顯著的特點(diǎn)就是和朋友、家庭成員聯(lián)系緊密，并且致力于花時(shí)間和他們呆在一起。

　　當(dāng)然，快樂(lè)并非一個(gè)靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)。即使最快樂(lè)的人——最興高采烈的10%——也會(huì)有感到憂郁的時(shí)候;而最憂郁的人也會(huì)有高興的片刻。這為社會(huì)科學(xué)家們帶來(lái)了一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)：如何來(lái)測(cè)量快樂(lè)。研究者們已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)了幾種估算方法。其中最基本、運(yùn)用最廣泛的一種就是“生活滿意程度”。盡管一些學(xué)者對(duì)這種僅有五個(gè)問(wèn)題的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的有效性提出疑問(wèn)，但它與其他對(duì)快樂(lè)的測(cè)評(píng)方法表現(xiàn)出了一致性，例如來(lái)自朋友和家庭成員的印象、積極情緒的表達(dá)，以及沮喪情緒的低發(fā)生率。

　　萊斯特大學(xué)的艾德里安·懷特運(yùn)用人們對(duì)“生活滿意程度問(wèn)卷調(diào)查”的回答，編制了一張反應(yīng)全球快樂(lè)狀況的地圖。如果你用上述問(wèn)題提問(wèn)180個(gè)國(guó)家的人民并且統(tǒng)一量化這些數(shù)據(jù)——最不快樂(lè)的國(guó)家布隆迪數(shù)值為100，最快樂(lè)的國(guó)家丹麥數(shù)值為273，然后安快樂(lè)水平用顏色深淺標(biāo)示(顏色越深，表示越快樂(lè))，你就回得到這張有趣的地圖了。